ATI RN
Questions on the Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The hormone that is released from the anterior pituitary and stimulates the development of the seminiferous tubules of the testes is called:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary stimulates seminiferous tubule development in testes, promoting spermatogenesis. Prolactin aids lactation, not testes. ACTH targets adrenals for cortisol. LH stimulates testosterone from Leydig cells, not tubules directly. FSH's specific role in sperm production distinguishes it, essential for male fertility, unlike other pituitary hormones' functions.
Question 2 of 5
A client with hypertension (high blood pressure) is having several tests to evaluate renal function. The client asks the nurse about the relationship between the kidney and high blood pressure. What information should the nurse include when teaching this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kidneys regulate blood pressure via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS): low pressure prompts renin release, triggering angiotensin II formation, which stimulates adrenal aldosterone secretion, raising blood volume and pressure via sodium retention. Cortisol, ACTH-driven, isn't renin-responsive. ADH responds to osmolarity or low volume, not high urine output directly it conserves water. No relationship ignores RAAS's critical link. Aldosterone's renin-driven action distinguishes it, key to hypertension's renal basis.
Question 3 of 5
A student is in a car accident, and although not hurt, immediately experiences pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and rapid breathing. What type of endocrine system stimulus did the student receive?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The rapid pupil dilation, heart rate increase, and breathing surge post-accident reflect the adrenal medulla's catecholamine release (epinephrine, norepinephrine), triggered by sympathetic nerve signals a neural stimulus. Humoral stimuli (e.g., blood ion changes) and hormonal stimuli (e.g., pituitary signals) are slower, and positive feedback (e.g., oxytocin in labor) amplifies responses. Neural activation's speed distinguishes it, critical for fight-or-flight responses in acute stress.
Question 4 of 5
When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) raises low blood calcium by stimulating osteoclasts to resorb bone, releasing calcium. It also enhances kidney calcium reabsorption and intestinal absorption (via vitamin D), not excretion or reduction. Osteoblasts build bone, reducing blood calcium. Osteoclast activation distinguishes PTH's role, critical for calcium homeostasis, contrasting with bone-forming processes.
Question 5 of 5
The production of FSH by the anterior pituitary is reduced by which hormone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inhibin, from gonadal Sertoli/granulosa cells, selectively inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) release via negative feedback, regulating gametogenesis. Estrogens and progesterone broadly suppress pituitary hormones (including FSH), relaxin aids childbirth. Inhibin's specific FSH targeting distinguishes it, key to reproductive homeostasis, contrasting with broader gonadal feedback.