ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The home care nurse is visiting a client with a diagnosis of pernicious anemia that developed as a result of gastric surgery. The nurse instructs the client that because the stomach lining produces a decreased amount of intrinsic factor in this disorder, the client will need
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vitamin B12 injections. Pernicious anemia results from a lack of intrinsic factor, which is needed for Vitamin B12 absorption. Since the stomach lining produces less intrinsic factor after gastric surgery, the client cannot absorb B12 orally. Therefore, B12 injections are necessary to bypass the need for intrinsic factor. Vitamin B6 injections (B) are not indicated for pernicious anemia. Antibiotics (C) and antacids (D) are not relevant to the treatment of pernicious anemia.
Question 2 of 5
A client with viral hepatitis states, 'I am so yellow.' The nurse most appropriately would
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because assisting the client in expressing feelings shows empathy and addresses the client's emotional needs. It helps the client cope with the physical manifestations of the illness. Choice B is incorrect as it promotes dependence. Choice C is incorrect because providing information only upon request may not address the client's emotional distress. Choice D is incorrect as restricting visitors may further isolate the client.
Question 3 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease. The nurse interprets that the client has dysfunction of which of the following parts of the digestive system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lower esophageal sphincter. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) involves the dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which fails to close properly, allowing stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus. This leads to symptoms such as heartburn and regurgitation. Choices A and B (Chief cells and Parietal cells of the stomach) are not directly related to GERD, as they are involved in gastric acid secretion. Choice D (Upper esophageal sphincter) is responsible for preventing air from entering the esophagus during breathing and is not typically implicated in GERD.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client on the first postoperative day following a surgical repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which nursing diagnosis is the most important for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion. This is the most important nursing diagnosis because after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, there is a risk of compromised blood flow to peripheral tissues due to potential complications like embolism or thrombosis. Monitoring tissue perfusion is crucial to prevent complications such as tissue necrosis. A: Risk for infection is important but not the priority immediately postoperatively. B: Deficient knowledge may be addressed later once the client is stable. D: Activity intolerance may be a concern but ensuring tissue perfusion is more critical in the immediate postoperative period. In summary, monitoring and addressing ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion is essential for preventing serious complications following abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.
Question 5 of 5
The client with cirrhosis has ascites and excess fluid volume. Which measure will the nurse include in the plan of care for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit the amount of fluids consumed. In cirrhosis with ascites and excess fluid volume, limiting fluid intake helps reduce fluid overload and prevent further accumulation of fluid in the body. Excess fluid can worsen ascites, leading to complications like respiratory distress and electrolyte imbalances. Increasing sodium intake (A) would worsen fluid retention. Encouraging ambulation (C) is important but not directly related to managing ascites. Administering magnesium antacids (D) is not necessary for addressing fluid volume excess.