The health care provider writes an order for bacteriologic testing for a patient who has a positive tuberculosis skin test. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because bacteriologic testing for tuberculosis involves blood tests to confirm the diagnosis. The nurse should teach the patient about the reason for these blood tests to ensure understanding and cooperation. Option B is incorrect because a chest x-ray is not the appropriate test for bacteriologic testing. Option C is incorrect as it refers to collecting specimens for other types of tests, not bacteriologic testing. Option D is incorrect because sputum specimens are not typically used for bacteriologic testing for tuberculosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, administer rifampin. The priority in caring for a patient with TB is to start anti-TB medications promptly to prevent the spread of the infection. Rifampin is one of the first-line drugs used to treat TB. Administering a PPD test (A) is important for diagnosis but not the priority at this moment. Administering an injectable antihistamine (C) is not indicated for TB treatment. Administering oxygen therapy (D) may be necessary based on the patient's condition but treating the underlying infection with rifampin takes precedence.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: How long has it been since you moved to the United States? This question is important because TB prevalence varies in different countries, and individuals who have recently immigrated from high TB burden countries may have a higher risk of TB infection. It helps the nurse assess the individual's potential exposure risk. A: Do you take any over-the-counter (OTC) medications? - This question is not directly related to TB skin testing and does not provide information relevant to assessing TB risk. B: Do you have any family members with a history of TB? - While a family history of TB can be a risk factor, it is not as directly relevant as the timing of immigration in this context. D: Did you receive the bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine for TB? - While BCG vaccination history is important for interpreting TB skin test results, it is not as crucial as determining recent immigration status when assessing TB risk.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage early ambulation. This is the priority intervention to prevent DVT because it promotes blood circulation and prevents stasis in the veins. - Option B: Administer a platelet aggregation inhibitor is incorrect as it is not the first-line intervention for preventing DVT. - Option C: Administer anticoagulants may be used in some cases, but it is not the priority intervention. - Option D: Monitor the patient's oxygen saturation levels is not directly related to preventing DVT and is not the priority intervention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer insulin. Blurred vision in a patient with a history of diabetes could indicate hyperglycemia. Administering insulin would help lower blood glucose levels and alleviate the blurred vision. Monitoring blood glucose levels (choice A) is important but not the priority when the patient is already experiencing symptoms. Administering insulin (choices B and D) is the immediate action needed to address the high blood glucose levels causing the blurred vision.