ATI RN
Fundamentals of Nursing Skin Integrity Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The health care provider prescribes topical 5-FU for a patient with actinic keratosis on the left cheek. The nurse should include which statement in the patient’s instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Your cheek area will be eroded and it will take several weeks to heal. Rationale: 1. 5-FU is a topical chemotherapy agent used to treat actinic keratosis by causing erosion of the affected skin area. 2. Erosion of the skin is an expected side effect of 5-FU treatment and indicates that the medication is working to treat the actinic keratosis. 3. Healing after the erosion process can take several weeks as the skin regenerates. 4. This statement provides accurate information about the expected effects of 5-FU treatment on the patient's cheek area. Summary: - Option A is incorrect as 5-FU is not used to shrink the lesion for surgical excision but to treat actinic keratosis topically. - Option C is incorrect as nausea and anorexia are not common side effects of topical 5-FU treatment for actinic keratosis. - Option D is incorrect as
Question 2 of 5
The nurse who notes that a 59-yr-old female patient has lost 1 inch in height over the past 2 years will plan to teach the patient about
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). This test is used to measure bone mineral density and can help diagnose osteoporosis, which is a common cause of height loss in older adults. Teaching the patient about DXA can help in early detection and management of osteoporosis. A: Discography studies are used to evaluate back pain, not height loss. B: Myelographic testing is used to detect spinal cord or nerve root compression, not height loss. C: MRI is useful for imaging soft tissues and organs, not for assessing bone density or height loss.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes crackling sounds and a grating sensation with palpation of an older patient’s elbow. How will this finding be documented?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Crepitation. Crepitation refers to crackling sounds and a grating sensation felt with palpation, often indicative of joint or bone abnormalities. It is commonly associated with osteoarthritis or joint degeneration, which is common in older patients. Torticollis (A) is a condition characterized by abnormal neck positioning, not related to elbow findings. Subluxation (C) refers to partial dislocation of a joint, not typically associated with crackling sounds. Epicondylitis (D) is inflammation of the tendons attached to the elbow, but it does not involve crackling sounds or a grating sensation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse will instruct the patient with a fractured left radius that the cast will need to remain in place
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because x-rays showing complete bony union indicate proper healing of the fracture. This ensures that the bone is strong enough to bear weight and function normally. Choice A is incorrect as leaving the cast for several months is excessive. Choice B is incorrect as 3 weeks may not be sufficient for proper healing. Choice C is incorrect as swelling resolution does not guarantee complete healing.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with a right lower leg fracture will be discharged home with an external fixation device in place. Which information will the nurse teach?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check and clean the pin insertion sites daily. This is important to prevent infection, which is a common complication with external fixation devices. Cleaning the pin sites reduces the risk of infection and promotes healing. Summary of other choices: B: Removing the external fixator for showering can compromise the stability of the fracture. C: Remaining on bed rest until bone healing is complete is not necessary and can lead to complications like muscle atrophy. D: Taking prophylactic antibiotics until the fixator is removed is not recommended unless there is a specific indication for infection prevention.