ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B Questions
Question 1 of 5
The health care provider is planning to discontinue a client's beta blocker. What instruction should the nurse give the client regarding the beta blocker?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to give the client regarding discontinuing a beta blocker is that it should NOT be abruptly stopped; the dose should be tapered down. Suddenly stopping a beta blocker can lead to rebound hypertension, angina, and even heart attack in some cases. Tapering down the dose helps the body adjust gradually and reduces the risk of adverse effects associated with abrupt discontinuation. It is important for the client to follow the healthcare provider's guidance on how to safely decrease the dose of the beta blocker.
Question 2 of 5
This drug when taken orally reverses the hepatic necrosis effect of paracetamol :
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose. Acetaminophen overdose can lead to hepatic necrosis, and acetylcysteine is effective in preventing or reversing this hepatotoxicity. It works by replenishing depleted hepatic stores of glutathione, which is essential for detoxifying the reactive metabolite of acetaminophen. This helps to protect the liver cells from damage caused by the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen. Naloxone, vitamin K, warfarin, and diphenhydramine are not effective in reversing the hepatic necrosis caused by paracetamol overdose.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who is taking amitriptyline (Elavil) reports constipation and dry mouth. The patient notes that these
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The common side effects of amitriptyline (Elavil) include constipation and dry mouth. Increasing fluid intake can help alleviate these symptoms. Adequate hydration can aid in promoting bowel regularity and relieving dry mouth. It is important for the nurse to give the patient instructions to increase their fluid intake to manage these side effects rather than immediately discontinuing the medication or requesting a change in antidepressants. If the constipation and dry mouth persist or worsen despite increasing fluid intake, then the provider may need to be notified for further evaluation and management.
Question 4 of 5
A patient diagnosed with malignant melanoma, a skin cancer, is treated with interferon alfa-2a. The nurse teaches this patient about which side effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Flulike syndrome, characterized by fever, chills, fatigue, and muscle aches, is a common side effect of interferon alfa-2a. This occurs because the drug stimulates the immune system, mimicking the body's response to a viral infection. While gastrointestinal symptoms may occur, they are less common than flulike syndrome. Interferon alfa-2a does not typically cause an increase in white or red blood cells. The nurse should educate the patient about managing flulike symptoms, such as using antipyretics and staying hydrated.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse reviews the patient’s medication history. Based on the patient’s prolonged use of topical corticosteroids, which assessment will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prolonged use of topical corticosteroids can cause thinning of the skin (B) and purpura (D) due to decreased collagen production and increased fragility of blood vessels. Weight gain (A) is associated with systemic, not topical, corticosteroid use. Erythematous lesions (C) are not typically caused by topical corticosteroids.