The head nurse on a unit that serves persons with cognitive impairment is concerned about her staff, many of whom seem to be becoming 'burned out' by their challenging work. Which response by the head nurse is most likely to minimize staff frustration and burnout on the unit? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because educating staff about realistic expectations for working with persons with cognitive impairment can help them understand the challenges they may face and develop appropriate coping strategies. This knowledge can reduce frustration and burnout by promoting a better understanding of the patients' needs and behaviors. Choice B, arranging for 12-hour shifts, may actually increase staff burnout as longer shifts can be physically and mentally taxing. Choice C, guiding staff to use small, realistic goals, while helpful in patient care, may not directly address staff burnout. Therefore, the most effective approach to minimize staff frustration and burnout in this scenario is education on realistic expectations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Individuals with bulimia often engage in episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors. Step 2: Choice A, a person who is significantly overweight, is more likely to engage in binge eating behavior. Step 3: Being overweight can be a risk factor for bulimia due to body image concerns. Step 4: Choices B and C do not provide as strong indicators for bulimia as choice A. Summary: Choice A is correct as being significantly overweight is a common characteristic of individuals with bulimia. Choices B and C lack the same level of risk factors for engaging in eating behaviors characteristic of bulimia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because anorexia nervosa is characterized by restricting food intake and having an intense fear of gaining weight. This behavior leads to severe weight loss and malnutrition. Choice A is typically associated with bulimia nervosa, where binge eating is followed by purging. Choice B also aligns with bulimia, as self-induced vomiting is a common purging behavior. Choice D describes behaviors more typical of binge eating disorder, where individuals consume large quantities of food followed by excessive exercise. In anorexia nervosa, the primary focus is on severe food restriction and the fear of weight gain, leading to significantly low body weight.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide a structured mealtime environment with supervision. This is the most important initial intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa because it addresses the immediate health concern of disordered eating behavior. By providing a structured mealtime environment with supervision, the patient can establish regular eating patterns, learn healthier eating habits, and reduce the risk of purging behaviors. This intervention also helps in restoring proper nutrition and addressing any underlying issues related to food and eating. Choice B is incorrect because support groups may be beneficial but are not the most critical initial intervention. Choice C is incorrect as antianxiety medications do not directly address the disordered eating behavior. Choice D is also incorrect as assessing family dynamics and home environment is important but not as crucial as addressing the immediate eating disorder symptoms.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Are initially often charming. This is because individuals with antisocial personality disorder often exhibit charm and charisma to manipulate others for personal gain. This behavior is known as "charm offensive" and can be used to deceive and exploit others. This initial charm can make it difficult for others to recognize their true motives and manipulative nature. Incorrect options: A: Demand constant attention - Individuals with antisocial personality disorder may appear self-centered and manipulative but not necessarily demand constant attention. B: Tolerate frustration well - Clients with antisocial personality disorder often have difficulty managing frustration and may resort to aggressive or impulsive behavior. C: Have well-developed superegos - Individuals with antisocial personality disorder typically lack empathy and have a weak or underdeveloped superego, leading to a disregard for social norms and the rights of others.