ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The grasp and rooting reflexare neonatal reflexthat disappear after six months of life, it may reappear later in life with acquired lesions of the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frontal lobe lesions cause reappearance of grasp and rooting reflexes, per neurology texts, due to loss of inhibitory control from prefrontal areas. These frontal release signs emerge in adults with dementia or stroke, not typically occipital (B, vision), parietal (C, sensation), temporal (D, memory), or cerebellar (E, coordination) damage. Neonatal reflexvanish by 6 months as cortex matures; their return signals frontal dysfunction. This localization, rooted in cortical maturation, makes A the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
During assessment of the neurological status of a 6-year-old boy, he was asked to smile, blow out his cheeks, blink forcibly, and furrow his forehead. The cranial nerve that is evaluated by doing the above maneuver is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cranial nerve VII (facial nerve, D) controls smiling, cheek puffing, blinking, and forehead furrowing, per neurologic exams. CN III , IV , and VI govern eye movements; VIII hearing. Facial nerve dysfunction (e.g., Bells palsy) impairs these, making D the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
During assessment of the neurological status of a 5-year-old boy, it revealed exaggerated knee reflex, with spread to contiguous areas. What is the approximate scale of this reflex?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exaggerated knee reflex with spread is graded 3 , per reflex scales, indicating hyperreflexia beyond normal (2, C). Zero is absent; 1 reduced; 4 clonus. Spread suggests upper motor neuron issues, making 3 the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
A healthy 10-year-old child presented to ER with sudden, severe onset headache, the study of choice that should be done is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cranial CT is the study of choice for sudden, severe headache in the ER, per AAN, to quickly rule out hemorrhage (e.g., SAH) or mass. MRI is detailed but slower; skull X-ray misssoft tissue; EEG seizures; LP risks herniation. CTs speed makes A the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
In a patient with severe migraine that is not responding to the first-line measur(an analgesic, rest, and sleep in a quiet dark room), the MOST useful agent that may be considered is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Triptans are most useful for severe, unresponsive migraines, per AHS, targeting serotonin receptors to abort attacks. Propranolol and topiramate prevent, not treat acutely; nortriptyline is for chronic pain; cyproheptadine adjunctive. Triptans acute efficacy make B the correct answer.