ATI RN
Questions On The Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The gold standard investigation in the evaluation of Urolithiasis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Non-contrast CT (NCCT) is the gold standard for urolithiasis detects size, location, density (e.g., Hounsfield units) with high sensitivity, guiding management. MRI excels in soft tissue, not stones poor specificity. Digital tomosynthesis is experimental, less detailed limited use. Micro CT is lab-based, not clinical impractical. NCCT's diagnostic precision distinguishes it, critical for rapid, accurate stone assessment, unlike tissue, emerging, or research tools.
Question 2 of 5
The primary pacemaker cells for Ureteral peristalsis are
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atypical smooth muscle cells in the proximal ureter (pelviureteric junction) act as primary pacemakers initiate peristalsis, driving urine flow. ICC-like cells (telocytes) assist, not primary supportive. Latent pacemakers dominate if primary fail backup. Distal location fits bladder, not ureter wrong site. Atypical muscle's role distinguishes it, critical for ureteral propulsion, unlike secondary, backup, or misplaced cells.
Question 3 of 5
What is the common cause of ureteral avulsion during stone basketing for upper ureteric stone?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Persistent basketing despite ureteral tear causes avulsion force detaches ureter, complicating injury. No dilation risks trauma but not avulsion less severe. Holmium laser fragments stones, not primary avulsion cause tool-based. Non-dilated system increases resistance, not detachment predisposing. Persistence with tear distinguishes it, critical for this iatrogenic risk, unlike preparatory or tool-related factors.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the statement is true for pelvic floor muscle training?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) treats stress, urge, and mixed incontinence in both genders, all ages strengthens support (stress) and reflex inhibition (urge). Gender restriction is false men benefit (e.g., post-prostatectomy). Age doesn't limit efficacy older adults respond. Urge exclusion is wrong PFMT aids detrusor control. Broad efficacy distinguishes it, key to non-invasive therapy, unlike restrictive claims.
Question 5 of 5
Tumor syndrome strongly associated with genitourinary malignancies is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC/Lynch) strongly links to GU cancers (e.g., ureter, bladder) mismatch repair defects. FAP ties to colon, not GU adenomas. Li-Fraumeni (p53) hits soft tissue, not GU-specific. MEN I (pituitary, pancreas) lacks GU focus endocrine. HNPCC's GU association distinguishes it, critical for urologic tumor risk, unlike colon, broad, or endocrine syndromes.