The following statements about the parathyroid hormone are true, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: D is the correct answer because the parathyroid hormone (PTH) actually increases calcium reabsorption and decreases phosphate excretion in the kidneys, not the other way around. PTH acts on the kidneys to enhance calcium reabsorption and decrease phosphate reabsorption, leading to increased serum calcium levels and decreased serum phosphate levels. Choices A, B, and C are correct statements about PTH, highlighting its role in regulating calcium and phosphate levels in the body.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Collecting duct. Amiloride acts as a potassium-sparing diuretic by blocking sodium channels in the collecting duct, preventing reabsorption of sodium and water. This leads to increased excretion of sodium and water, while retaining potassium. This mechanism specifically targets the collecting duct, making choice D the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because amiloride does not act on the proximal convoluted tubule, ascending thick limb of the loop of Henle, or distal convoluted tubule.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Myconazol. Myconazol is an antifungal medication commonly used to treat candidiasis, a fungal infection caused by Candida species. It works by inhibiting the growth of the fungal cells. Griseofulvin (A) is an antifungal used for dermatophyte infections, not candidiasis. Nitrofungin (B) is not commonly used for candidiasis treatment. Streptomycin (D) is an antibiotic used for bacterial infections, not fungal infections. Thus, Myconazol is the correct choice for candidiasis treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tetracycline. Tetracycline is the drug of choice for treating balantidiasis due to its effectiveness against the protozoan parasite responsible for the infection. Tetracycline works by inhibiting protein synthesis in the parasite, ultimately leading to its death. Azithromycin (A) is an antibiotic commonly used for respiratory infections and is not effective against balantidiasis. Quinine (C) is primarily used for treating malaria and has no efficacy against balantidiasis. Trimethoprim (D) is an antibacterial agent that targets bacterial folate synthesis and is not effective against protozoan parasites like the one causing balantidiasis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Depression of angiogenesis. Anticancer drugs aim to inhibit cancer cell growth by targeting specific pathways in cancer cells without affecting normal cells. Angiogenesis is the process of forming new blood vessels to supply nutrients to tumors, so inhibiting angiogenesis is actually a desired effect of anticancer drugs. Choices A, B, and D are disadvantages of anticancer drugs as they can lead to off-target effects, decreased production of healthy blood cells, and weakened immune response, respectively.