ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Practice Exam 1 Questions
Question 1 of 9
The following oral drugs do not require absorption from the gut to exert a therapeutic effect:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 9
Which over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine combination contains an analgesic property?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 9
Which is the only type of insulin that can be given IV?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular insulin is the only type of insulin that can be given intravenously (IV) due to its short onset of action. When administered IV, regular insulin can act quickly to control blood sugar levels in emergency situations such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic crises. Other types of insulin, such as NPH, long-acting, or rapid-acting insulins, are not suitable for IV administration as they have different pharmacokinetic properties and are designed for subcutaneous use.
Question 4 of 9
A 69-year-old man with exercise-induced angina presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. The angina is worsening and is now present at rest. The patient is not taking any medications. Isosorbide dinitrate sublingual is prescribed for the patient. Which of the following interactions must the physician warn this patient about?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate, a nitrate, treats angina by dilating vessels, but its interaction with sildenafil causes severe hypotension. Both enhance cGMP, leading to profound vasodilation, a life-threatening risk. Cold extremities or hot extremities may occur as minor effects but aren't primary concerns. Tinnitus and vertigo (E) aren't linked. Given his age and potential for erectile dysfunction treatment, warning about sildenafil is critical. Nitrates' rapid action relieves rest angina, but this interaction demands patient education to prevent catastrophic blood pressure drops, distinguishing it from less severe side effects.
Question 5 of 9
What is the therapeutic use of Digoxin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The therapeutic use of Digoxin is primarily to increase cardiac output and slow down the heart rate. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that works by increasing the force of the heart's contractions, thereby improving cardiac output in conditions such as heart failure. Additionally, it also helps to slow down the heart rate by affecting the electrical conduction system of the heart. This combination of effects makes Digoxin valuable in treating conditions like heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter.
Question 6 of 9
The client's calcium level is low. What will be the nurse's primary concern?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 7 of 9
The following oral drugs do not require absorption from the gut to exert a therapeutic effect:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 8 of 9
A client calls the nurse help-line and says, 'My friend and I have been swimming and drinking beer all day and he took a couple of swigs of Robitussin DM (dextromethorphan) about 15 minutes ago. Now he is acting funny and seeing things.' What should the nurse consider when formulating a response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dextromethorphan (DM), a cough suppressant, can cause dizziness, hallucinations, and confusion, especially with alcohol, which amplifies CNS depression . Dialysis isn't standard for DM overdose; it's not an opioid , though it acts centrally; and addiction isn't the acute issue. The nurse considers dizziness as a key adverse effect, worsened by beer, guiding a response to seek medical help.
Question 9 of 9
A male patient with blood type AB, Rh factor positive needs a blood transfusion. The Transfusion Service (blood bank) sends type O, Rh factor negative blood to the unit for the nurse to infuse into this patient. The nurse knows that:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type O, Rh-negative blood is considered the universal donor blood and is compatible with all blood types, including AB-positive. This makes it a safe choice in emergencies or when the patient's blood type is unknown. Premedication with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen is not necessary for compatibility but may be used to prevent allergic reactions or fever. Therefore, the nurse can confidently administer this blood product.