Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oxygen. Oxygen is primarily transported in the blood bound to hemoglobin within red blood cells, not dissolved in plasma. Carbon dioxide is transported in plasma. Nutrients and hormones are also transported in plasma. Therefore, choice A is incorrect as oxygen is not primarily transported in plasma.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, as exercise and a weight reduction diet are essential components in managing type 2 diabetes. Exercise helps lower blood glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity. Weight reduction reduces insulin resistance. Choice A is incorrect because maintaining blood glucose levels between 180-200mg/dl is too high and can lead to complications. Choice B is incorrect as complete smoking cessation is crucial for overall health and diabetes management. Choice C is incorrect because eye examinations should be done annually, not every 2 years, to monitor for diabetic retinopathy. In summary, choice D is the best option as it directly addresses the management of type 2 diabetes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fasciculations. Fasciculations are involuntary muscle twitches commonly seen with neurological conditions like motor neuron disease. In this case, the patient's muscle weakness and frequent muscle twitching indicate possible nerve damage. Chorea (B) is characterized by involuntary, jerky movements, not twitching. Atrophy (C) refers to muscle wasting, not twitching. Neuropathy (D) is a general term for nerve damage and does not specifically describe the muscle twitching seen in this patient.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bone marrow. Blood cells are primarily formed in the bone marrow through a process called hematopoiesis. The bone marrow contains stem cells that differentiate into various types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Arterioles are small blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, not involved in blood cell formation. Lymphoid tissue plays a role in immune function but not in blood cell production. Muscle tissue is primarily responsible for movement and does not have a role in blood cell formation. Therefore, the bone marrow is the correct answer as it is the main site of blood cell production in the body.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: abdominal pain related to decreased peristalsis. Ulcerative colitis causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon, leading to abdominal pain due to decreased peristalsis. This impairs the movement of stool through the colon, resulting in pain. Choice B is incorrect as diarrhea is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis, not hyperosmolar intestinal contents. Choice C is incorrect as ulcerative colitis often leads to diarrhea and not fluid volume excess. Choice D is incorrect as activity intolerance is not directly related to ulcerative colitis, whereas abdominal pain is a common symptom associated with the condition.