The following is true about the frontal lobe:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The frontal lobe, particularly the prefrontal cortex, is critical for intelligence, executive function, and decision-making (B). Gait control involves motor areas and basal ganglia (A is partial), memory is more hippocampal (C), and smell sensation is primarily olfactory bulb and temporal lobe (D). B is the most accurate.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The spinothalamic tract carries pain and temperature (B, correct), not pressure (A, dorsal columns). It terminates in the thalamus (C, also true), but tuning fork tests vibration (D, dorsal columns). B is most specific.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary sensory cortex (B) localizes sensation via somatotopic mapping. Stimulus (A) and receptors (C) initiate it, and medullary centers (D) relay, but localization is cortical. B is correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hopping reaction is midbrain (A, correct), tonic neck is medullary/spinal (not just spinal, B), optical righting is cortical (C, true but less specific), stretch reflex is spinal (not medulla, D). A is correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The diencephalon develops into the thalamus, hypothalamus, and parts of the retina (A). Midbrain (B) arises from the mesencephalon, pons and cerebellum (C) from the rhombencephalon (metencephalon), and cerebrum (D) from the telencephalon. A is correct.