ATI RN
Jarvis Physical Examination and Health Assessment 9th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The following information is recorded in the health history: "Patient denies chest pain, palpitations, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea." Which category does it belong to?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Review of systems. In this case, the information provided pertains to specific symptoms related to the cardiovascular system. The review of systems involves asking about symptoms in various body systems to identify any potential issues. This information helps in identifying any underlying health concerns that the patient may not have mentioned as their main complaint. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Chief complaint - This is the main reason for the patient's visit or primary concern, not a list of symptoms. B: Present illness - Focuses on the details of the current medical issue, not a general review of symptoms. C: Personal and social history - Pertains to the patient's lifestyle, habits, and social support, not specific symptoms related to body systems.
Question 2 of 5
Mr. W. is a 51-year-old auto mechanic who comes to the emergency room wanting to be checked out for the symptom of chest pain. As you listen to him describe his symptom in more detail, you say "Go on," and later, "Mm-hmmm." This is an example of which of the following skilled interviewing techniques?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Facilitation involves using verbal and nonverbal cues to encourage the patient to continue talking. In this scenario, saying "Go on" and "Mm-hmm" indicates active listening and prompts Mr. W. to elaborate on his symptoms. This technique helps gather more information and shows empathy without imposing personal assumptions or judgments. Echoing involves repeating the patient's last words, nonverbal communication refers to gestures and body language, and an empathic response involves acknowledging and validating the patient's feelings. In this case, the best fit is facilitation as it encourages further discussion without interrupting or steering the conversation.
Question 3 of 5
A patient tells you about her experience with prolonged therapy for her breast cancer. You comment, "That must have been a very trying time for you." What is this an example of?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Empathy. By acknowledging the patient's emotional experience and showing understanding of her feelings, the response demonstrates empathy. This response validates the patient's emotions and fosters a sense of connection and understanding. Choice A: Reassurance implies providing comfort or support, but in this scenario, the focus is on acknowledging the patient's feelings rather than providing reassurance. Choice C: Summarization involves restating key points or information, which is not demonstrated in the given scenario where the focus is on acknowledging the patient's emotional experience. Choice D: Validation involves recognizing and affirming the patient's emotions as legitimate, which aligns closely with empathy. However, in this specific scenario, the response does not explicitly confirm the validity of the patient's emotions, making it less appropriate than the answer choice of empathy.
Question 4 of 5
An 18-year-old college freshman presents to the clinic for evaluation of gastroenteritis. You measure the patient's temperature and it is 104 degrees Fahrenheit. What type of pulse would you expect to feel during his initial examination?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Large amplitude, forceful. A high fever, like 104 degrees Fahrenheit, typically leads to an increased heart rate and stronger pulse. This is the body's way of compensating for the fever and increased metabolic demands. A pulse with large amplitude and forceful quality indicates a higher cardiac output to support the body's needs during the fever. Choices B and C are incorrect because a small amplitude, weak pulse is unlikely with a high fever, and a normal pulse may not be expected in this scenario. Choice D, bigeminal, refers to an abnormal heart rhythm pattern characterized by every other beat being premature and is unrelated to the patient's fever.
Question 5 of 5
A 19-year-old college student, Todd, is brought to your clinic by his mother. She is concerned that there is something seriously wrong with him. She states for the past 6 months his behavior has become peculiar and he has flunked out of college. Todd denies any recent illness or injuries. His past medical history is remarkable only for a broken foot. His parents are both healthy. He has a paternal uncle who had similar symptoms in college. The patient admits to smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol. He also admits to marijuana use but none in the last week. He denies using any other substances. He denies any feelings of depression or anxiety. While speaking with Todd and his mother you do a complete physical examination, which is essentially normal. When you question him on how he is feeling, he says that he is very worried that Microsoft has stolen his software for creating a better browser. He tells you he has seen a black van in his neighborhood at night and he is sure that it is full of computer tech workers stealing his work through special gamma waves. You ask him why he believes they are trying to steal his programs. He replies that the technicians have been telepathing their intents directly into his head. He says he hears these conversations at night so he knows this is happening. Todd's mother then tells you, "See, I told you . . . he's crazy. What do I do about it?" While arranging for a psychiatry consult, what psychotic disorder do you think Todd has?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Schizophrenia. Todd presents with a history of peculiar behavior, academic decline, paranoid delusions, and auditory hallucinations. These are classic symptoms of schizophrenia, a chronic and severe mental disorder. Schizoaffective disorder (A) involves a mix of schizophrenia symptoms and mood disturbances, but Todd does not exhibit significant mood symptoms. Psychotic disorder due to a medical illness (B) would require evidence of a medical condition causing Todd's symptoms, which is not present. Substance-induced psychotic disorder (C) would require Todd's symptoms to be solely due to substance use, but his symptoms persist despite marijuana abstinence. Therefore, based on Todd's symptoms and history, the most likely diagnosis is schizophrenia.