The following factor plays the least important role in food intake?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Time of the day . While circadian rhythms influence eating patterns, immediate food intake is less driven by clock time than physiological cues. Choice A (blood sugar) directly regulathunger via hypothalamic glucoreceptors low levels trigger eating. Choice B (body temperature) affects intake; cold increasappetite for energy, per thermoregulation studies. Choice C (stomach fullness) suppresshunger through stretch receptor signals to the brainstem. (sight of food) potently stimulatappetite via reward pathways (e.g., dopamine in the nucleus accumbens). Time of day is secondary; it sets habits but lacks the direct, acute impact of glucose, fullness, or visual cues, as seen in free-feeding experiments. Thus, D plays the least role, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Benefits of social relationships are equally distributed in the society , which is false. Social benefits vary e.g., socioeconomic status affects access to supportive networks, per epidemiology. Choice A is true; low social tiincrease mortality risk (e.g., loneliness studies). Choice C is correct; relationships aid disease prevention (e.g., support lowers stress). Choice D is accurate; social bonds influence lifelong health, per longitudinal data. is true; relationships impact physiology (e.g., oxytocin reduccortisol). Bs falsehood unequal distribution due to inequality contrasts with the well-supported health benefits of A, C, D, E, making it the exception and correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Derealization , but note a potential error Egression is likely meant as its not a standard mechanism. Assuming Egression is a typo for a non-mechanism, Ill assess C. Derealization feeling reality is unreal is a dissociative symptom, not a classic Freudian defense mechanism. Choice A (repression) buriunwanted thoughts; B (if intended as regression) reverts to childish behavior; D (reaction formation) flips impuls(e.g., hate to love); E (rationalization) justifiactions. Cs dissociative nature contrasts with the ego-protective mechanisms of A, B, D, E. If B is a typo, its the intended answer, but per the list, C is technically correct as a non-mechanism, per psychoanalytic standards.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A person in the sick role is not obliged to seek medical help , which is false. Parsons sick role theory requirseeking help to legitimize illness and exemption. Choice A is true; sick individuals are excused from duties. Choice B is correct; others offer sympathy. Choice D is accurate; dutiare reassigned. is true; recovery requircare. Cs falsehood obligation to seek help is central, as seen in societal expectations (e.g., doctor visits) contrasts with the accepted privilegof A, B, D, E, making it the exception and correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rapid shift of light-dark cycle affects circadian rhythm . Jet lag or shift work disrupts the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) clock, per chronobiology. Choice A is false; optic tract lesions impair light input but dont abolish rhythm (SCN persists). Choice B is incorrect; hibernation is seasonal, not circadian. Choice D is wrong; SCN lesions disrupt rhythm, per lesion studies. is false; circadian rhythm regulathomeostasis (e.g., sleep). Cs truth rapid shifts cause desynchrony, evident in travel fatigue makes itthe correct answer.