ATI RN
Intro to Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The following drugs undergo phase II metabolism by hepatic acetylation enzymes (N-acetyltransferases):
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Isoniazid undergoes phase II acetylation via hepatic N-acetyltransferases, and the rate of metabolism can vary between slow and fast acetylators.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is started on a diuretic for antihypertensive therapy. The nurse expects that a drug in which class is likely to be used initially?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are commonly used as first-line therapy for hypertension. They are effective in reducing blood pressure by promoting diuresis and decreasing plasma volume. Thiazide diuretics work by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, leading to increased excretion of water and electrolytes. This helps to reduce blood volume and subsequently lower blood pressure. Thiazide diuretics are generally well-tolerated and effective, making them a preferred choice for initial antihypertensive therapy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse frequently administers propranolol (Inderal) as treatment for what condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The beta-adrenergic blocking agents are used to treat cardiovascular problems (hypertension, angina, migraine headaches) and to prevent reinfarction after MI. The prototype drug, propranolol, was in fact the most prescribed drug in the country in the 1980s and is still considered a first-line drug. Propranolol does not prevent first MIs and it is not used for hypotension or cluster headaches. The nurse should understand the indications for propranolol to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 4 of 5
What is the therapeutic range for Lithium?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The therapeutic range for Lithium is typically considered to be 0.6-1.2 mEq/L for maintenance treatment. However, some sources may also suggest a wider therapeutic range of 0.5-2 mEq/L. Monitoring serum lithium levels is crucial to ensure that the patient is within the therapeutic range and to adjust the dosage accordingly to avoid toxicity or subtherapeutic levels. Thus, option C (0.5-2) provides a more comprehensive and inclusive range that is commonly referenced in clinical practice.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is conducting medication education about the difference between potency and efficacy to a group of patients. The nurse correctly determines that learning has occurred when the patients make which response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Efficacy (max effect) trumps potency (dose needed) for ‘best'-a high-efficacy drug fully relieves symptoms, unlike high-potency alone. Potency doesn't guarantee outcome. Efficacy doesn't mean fewer side effects-safety varies. Low-potency drugs can be effective but aren't side-effect-free. Greatest efficacy reflects learning, prioritizing treatment success.