ATI RN
Quizlet Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 9
The following drugs are absorbed predominantly through active transport systems:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levodopa is absorbed via an active transport mechanism using amino acid transporters, allowing it to cross the blood-brain barrier for its therapeutic effect.
Question 2 of 9
Which of the following is NOT a clinical features of inflammation:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The clinical features of inflammation are known by the Latin terms "rubor" (redness), "calor" (heat), "tumor" (swelling), and "dolor" (pain). These are classic signs of inflammation that occur in response to tissue injury or infection. "Bacterial invasion" is not a clinical feature, but rather a cause of inflammation. Bacterial invasion can lead to the activation of the inflammatory response, resulting in the characteristic signs of inflammation such as redness, heat, swelling, and pain.
Question 3 of 9
Which condition does the nurse identify as a late manifestation of hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Palpitations are a late manifestation of hypokalemia. Hypokalemia is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the blood, which can affect the heart's ability to function properly. Palpitations, or irregular heartbeat, can occur as a result of the heart's increased sensitivity to adrenaline due to low potassium levels. Other early manifestations of hypokalemia include muscle weakness, which is a result of potassium's role in muscle contraction, hypotension (low blood pressure), and lethargy.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse will monitor for myopathy (muscle pain) when a patient is taking which class of antilipemic drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Myopathy, characterized by muscle pain or weakness, is a potential side effect associated with the use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, also known as statins. Common examples of statins include atorvastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin. Patients taking statins should be monitored for any signs or symptoms of myopathy, as it can progress to a more serious condition called rhabdomyolysis, where muscle breakdown products can lead to kidney damage. Monitoring for muscle pain, weakness, and elevated creatine kinase levels is essential to detect and manage myopathy promptly in patients on statin therapy.
Question 5 of 9
Regarding biotransformation, which of the following is true:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethanol competes with methanol metabolism, not enhances it, increasing toxicity, so that's false. Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4, reducing cyclosporin metabolism, raising levels, a true statement critical for transplant patients. Phenytoin induces, not inhibits, theophylline metabolism, lowering levels. Rifampicin induces, not inhibits, oral contraceptive metabolism, reducing efficacy. Griseofulvin induces warfarin metabolism, not inhibits. Grapefruit juice's effect is a classic drug-food interaction, necessitating dose adjustments or avoidance.
Question 6 of 9
The following drugs are absorbed predominantly through active transport systems:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levodopa is absorbed via an active transport mechanism using amino acid transporters, allowing it to cross the blood-brain barrier for its therapeutic effect.
Question 7 of 9
A client is prescribed propranolol (Inderal) for migraines. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Propranolol, a beta-blocker, prevents migraines but requires consistent use'stopping if migraines cease risks rebound, showing a teaching gap. Pulse checking monitors bradycardia. Tiredness and orthostasis are expected. Abrupt cessation can worsen migraines, critical in prophylaxis where steady-state matters, making B the statement needing correction.
Question 8 of 9
The health care provider orders a hypertonic crystalloid IV solution for a 70-year-old patient. Which solution will the nurse hang?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than plasma, drawing fluid into the intravascular space. 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride (D) is hypertonic. Lactated Ringer's (A) and 0.45% sodium chloride (B) are hypotonic, while 0.9% sodium chloride (C) is isotonic. Hypertonic solutions are used to treat severe hyponatremia or cerebral edema but must be administered cautiously to avoid fluid overload.
Question 9 of 9
While a patient is receiving antilipemic therapy, the nurse knows to monitor the patient closely for the development of which problem?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antilipemic therapy is used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. This type of therapy often places a strain on the liver as it metabolizes and processes the cholesterol-lowering medications. Therefore, patients receiving antilipemic therapy are at an increased risk of developing liver dysfunction. The nurse should monitor the patient closely for signs and symptoms of liver dysfunction, such as jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and changes in liver function tests. Early detection and intervention can help prevent serious complications associated with liver dysfunction.