ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
The following drug may be used safely in pregnancy:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbamazepine carries teratogenic risks (e.g., neural tube defects), making it unsafe in pregnancy. Digoxin is safe, used for fetal arrhythmias or maternal heart conditions, with no major congenital risks, a true statement. Streptomycin causes ototoxicity in the fetus, and methotrexate, a folate antagonist, is highly teratogenic, both unsafe. Propylthiouracil is also safe but not listed here correctly per the key. Digoxin's safety profile in pregnancy makes it a preferred option for cardiac issues, balancing maternal and fetal needs.
Question 2 of 5
What is the antidote for Heparin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The antidote for Heparin, which is an anticoagulant medication, is protamine sulfate. Heparin works by inhibiting the body's ability to form blood clots, and an overdose of Heparin can lead to excessive bleeding. Protamine sulfate works by neutralizing the anticoagulant effects of Heparin. This antidote is particularly useful in cases of overdose or when immediate reversal of Heparin's effects is needed, such as during surgery or in emergency situations. Other options listed, such as Warfarin, Insulin, and Naloxone, are not the appropriate antidotes for Heparin toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
A 74-year-old woman with a history of atrial fibrillation presents to the emergency department after bowel movement with bright red blood. Her blood pressure is 88/56 mm Hg with a pulse of 118 beats/minute. She is on warfarin for anticoagulation and a stat INR is 7.2. The decision is made to start transfusing blood. What is the most appropriate treatment to reverse the warfarin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warfarin overdose (INR 7.2, bleeding) needs reversal. Vitamin K -restores clotting factors long-term. Fresh frozen plasma acts faster but isn't sole therapy. Platelets don't reverse. Protamine is for heparin. Whole blood (E) isn't specific. Vitamin K is standard.
Question 4 of 5
Prescription only medicines are included in :
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prescription-only medicines are included in Schedule IV of the Controlled Substances Act. Schedule IV controlled substances have a lower potential for abuse compared to drugs in Schedules I, II, and III. These prescription medications still require a prescription from a healthcare provider, but they have a lower potential for abuse and addiction, which allows them to be categorized in Schedule IV. Examples of Schedule IV substances include certain tranquilizers and sedatives like Xanax and Valium.
Question 5 of 5
The client's calcium level is low. What will be the nurse's primary concern?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low calcium (hypocalcemia) risks seizures-nerve excitability rises, per physiology-outweighing fractures (chronic), hypoglycemia (unrelated), or depression (indirect). Acute neurologic risk drives concern, per assessment.