The following data collection findings could indicate to the nurse that the patient has a hearing loss, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A relaxed face during conversation is not typically indicative of hearing loss. In fact, individuals with hearing loss may exhibit signs such as speaking loudly (Choice B), turning toward the person speaking (Choice C), and feeling withdrawn (Choice D) due to difficulty in hearing and understanding conversations. The act of speaking loudly may be an attempt to compensate for the perceived hearing loss, while turning toward the speaker is a common strategy to better hear and lip-read. Withdrawal can result from the frustration and isolation caused by the inability to fully engage in conversations. Ultimately, a relaxed face during conversation is less likely to be a red flag for hearing loss compared to the other choices provided.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Glucagon is the hormone responsible for raising blood sugar levels in the body. In cases of severe hypoglycemic reactions where the client is unconscious or unable to ingest oral carbohydrates, glucagon can be administered via injection to help raise blood sugar levels rapidly. It is important for clients with type 1 diabetes mellitus to have glucagon on hand as a precautionary measure in case of severe hypoglycemic episodes. Epinephrine is typically used for severe allergic reactions, 50% dextrose is a form of oral carbohydrate, and hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid medication used for various conditions but not for treating hypoglycemia in clients with diabetes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Drinking lots of water at night is actually a good practice for promoting urinary health and preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs). Adequate hydration helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of infections. Therefore, the statement that drinking lots of water at night might have caused a UTI is incorrect. The other choices describe common causes of UTIs such as holding the urge to urinate, introducing bacteria through instruments or catheters, and poor hygiene practices after defecation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Among the given choices, the nursing diagnosis appropriate for a client with ulcerative colitis is "abdominal pain related to decreased peristalsis." Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that directly affects the lining of the colon and rectum, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody stool. Decreased peristalsis occurs in patients with ulcerative colitis, resulting in abdominal pain due to inflammation and irritation of the intestines. This pain is a common symptom experienced by individuals with ulcerative colitis and can significantly impact their quality of life. Therefore, addressing the client's abdominal pain is crucial in providing effective nursing care for someone diagnosed with ulcerative colitis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The client is taking Isoniazid and Rifampicin, which are two common first-line medications prescribed for the treatment of tuberculosis. Both of these drugs can potentially cause liver toxicity as a side effect. Therefore, the diagnostic test that is most likely to have an abnormal result if the client is taking these medications is the liver function tests. These tests include parameters such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin levels, which can indicate liver damage or dysfunction. Monitoring liver function is essential during treatment with these medications to detect any hepatic adverse effects early and make appropriate management decisions.