ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The following belong together except which one?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: large intestine. The small intestine, plicae circulares, and crypts of Lieberkuhn are all structures found in the small intestine, involved in absorption and digestion. The large intestine is a separate part of the digestive system primarily responsible for water absorption and waste elimination. Therefore, it does not belong with the other choices related to the small intestine.
Question 2 of 5
The enzymes present in pancreatic juice are
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because pancreatic juice contains enzymes such as Trypsinogen, Lipase, Amylase, and Procarboxypeptidase. Trypsinogen helps in protein digestion, Lipase breaks down fats, Amylase digests carbohydrates, and Procarboxypeptidase aids in protein digestion. Choice A is incorrect because it includes Rennin, which is not typically found in pancreatic juice. Choice C is incorrect because Pepsin is a stomach enzyme, not found in pancreatic juice. Choice D is incorrect because Maltase is an enzyme found in the small intestine, not in pancreatic juice.
Question 3 of 5
The absorption of fructose by intestinal mucosa is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: facilitated transport. Fructose is absorbed through facilitated diffusion using specific carrier proteins in the intestinal mucosa. This process does not require energy input and allows fructose to move down its concentration gradient. Unlike active transport (requiring energy) and co-transport mechanisms (involving multiple substances), fructose absorption occurs through facilitated transport by specific carrier proteins. Simple diffusion is not the main mechanism for fructose absorption due to its hydrophilic nature. Thus, facilitated transport best describes how fructose is absorbed by the intestinal mucosa.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from the PACU after a traditional cholecystectomy. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Semi-Fowler's position. After a traditional cholecystectomy, placing the client in a Semi-Fowler's position (head of the bed elevated at 30-45 degrees) helps promote lung expansion, improve breathing, and reduce the risk of aspiration. This position also helps with comfort and aids in preventing complications such as respiratory issues and surgical site complications. A: Prone position is incorrect as it involves lying on the stomach and is not appropriate for a client after cholecystectomy due to the risk of putting pressure on the abdomen and surgical site. C: Supported Sims' position is incorrect as it is typically used for rectal examinations or enemas, not for post-cholecystectomy care. D: Dorsal recumbent position is incorrect as it involves lying on the back with knees flexed, which may not provide optimal support and comfort for a client post-cholecystectomy.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is teaching the client about the common link with Crohn's disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Both are inflammatory. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are both inflammatory bowel diseases. Ulcerative colitis primarily affects the colon and rectum, while Crohn's disease can affect any part of the digestive tract. This common inflammatory nature is the link between the two conditions. Choices B and C are incorrect because Crohn's disease can start in any part of the digestive tract, not specifically in the rectum, and fistula formation is more common in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis. Choice D is incorrect as not all cases of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease require frequent surgery; surgery is usually considered for complications or severe cases.