ATI RN
Endocrine System Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
The following are the functions of the endocrine system, except?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Directing blood flow is a circulatory system function, adjusting tissue perfusion via vessels to maintain homeostasis, not an endocrine role. The endocrine system regulates immunity (e.g., cortisol affects immune cells), reproduction (e.g., FSH, LH drive gonadal function), and heart rate/blood pressure (e.g., epinephrine increases both), using hormones like adrenaline or aldosterone. Water balance, another endocrine task (e.g., ADH), was replaced here to fit four options, but blood flow direction relies on vascular dynamics, not glandular secretion. This distinction highlights endocrine's chemical signaling versus circulatory mechanics, key to system roles.
Question 2 of 5
What happens during Diabetes insipidus?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus results from ADH deficiency or renal resistance, impairing water reabsorption, causing dilute urine and thirst. Excess GH is gigantism, other options are absent. Renal ADH unresponsiveness distinguishes it, critical for fluid balance disorders, contrasting with growth or pituitary excess conditions.
Question 3 of 5
The primary target of the releasing and inhibiting hormones of the hypothalamus is the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypothalamic releasing (e.g., TRH) and inhibiting (e.g., dopamine) hormones target the anterior pituitary, stimulating (e.g., TSH) or suppressing (e.g., prolactin) its hormone release to regulate endocrine glands. Liver/adipose respond to hormones (e.g., insulin), not hypothalamic signals directly. Gonads are pituitary targets (e.g., FSH), not hypothalamus'. Bone marrow isn't endocrine-regulated. Anterior pituitary's role as intermediary distinguishes it, key to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, unlike downstream or unrelated tissues.
Question 4 of 5
The pituitary hormone that stimulates the male testes to produce sperm and stimulates the development of the follicle in the female on a monthly cycle is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary stimulates spermatogenesis in testes and follicle growth in ovaries monthly. Growth hormone (GH) drives body growth, not gametes. Luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers testosterone and ovulation, not sperm/follicle initiation. Prolactin aids lactation. FSH's reproductive specificity distinguishes it, essential for fertility, unlike growth or ovulation hormones.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements regarding pituitary hormones is false?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The hypothalamus synthesizes oxytocin and ADH, stored in the posterior pituitary true. Luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation and progesterone/estrogen production true. FSH/LH hyposecretion causes sterility true. ADH, however, reduces urine volume by increasing water reabsorption, raising blood volume, not decreasing it making B false. This error distinguishes ADH's role in osmoregulation, critical for fluid balance, contrasting with diuretic effects.