ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
The following are relative contraindications to the use of streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of cardiovascular system drugs, particularly in the case of streptokinase use in acute myocardial infarction, selecting the correct answer and understanding why the other options are wrong is crucial for safe and effective patient care. Correct Answer (C): Concurrent hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms is NOT a relative contraindication to the use of streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction. This is because hormone replacement therapy does not directly interfere with the mechanism of action or increase the risk of adverse reactions when used alongside streptokinase. Incorrect Answers: A) Therapy with streptokinase from 5 days to 12 months previously: This is a relative contraindication as repeated use of streptokinase within a specific timeframe may lead to the development of antibodies against the drug, reducing its efficacy. B) Stroke due to cerebral thrombosis in the last six months: This is a relative contraindication because of the increased risk of bleeding complications when using thrombolytic agents in patients with recent strokes. D) Pulmonary disease with cavitation: This is a relative contraindication due to the risk of hemorrhage in patients with significant pulmonary disease. Educational Context: Understanding contraindications to medication use is vital for healthcare providers to make informed decisions regarding patient care. In the case of streptokinase, recognizing relative contraindications helps in minimizing risks and optimizing treatment outcomes for patients with acute myocardial infarction. This knowledge ensures safe and evidence-based practice in the management of cardiovascular emergencies.
Question 2 of 5
A client is admitted to a psychiatric unit with the diagnosis of catatonic schizophrenia. Which of the client’s neurotransmitters should a nurse expect to be elevated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dopamine. In catatonic schizophrenia, there is an excess of dopamine activity in the brain, leading to symptoms such as disorganized movements and behaviors. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, motivation, and movement. Elevated dopamine levels are associated with psychotic symptoms seen in schizophrenia. Serotonin (Choice A) is more related to mood regulation, GABA (Choice C) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps reduce neuronal excitability, and histamine (Choice D) is involved in the sleep-wake cycle and immune response, but they are not specifically implicated in catatonic schizophrenia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse should evaluate that the medication has helped with the positive (type I) symptoms when there is a decrease in the client's: (Select the one tha does not apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because loose association in thinking is a negative symptom of schizophrenia, not a positive symptom. Positive symptoms include hallucinations and delusions, which are exaggerated behaviors present in schizophrenia. Decrease in auditory hallucinations (A) indicates improvement in positive symptoms. Flat affect (B) and anhedonia (C) are negative symptoms, so improvement in these would not indicate improvement in positive symptoms. Therefore, the correct answer is D as it is a negative symptom, not a positive symptom.
Question 4 of 5
During the maintenance phase of treatment, a patient with bipolar disorder asks, “Do I have to keep taking lithium even though my mood is stable now?” Select the nurse’s best response.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it emphasizes the importance of taking medication daily to prevent future relapses and recurrences in bipolar disorder. This response educates the patient on the necessity of maintenance treatment for long-term stability. Choice A is incorrect as it may imply stopping medication prematurely. Choice C provides a general guideline but lacks individualized advice. Choice D is incorrect as it questions the healthcare provider's decision without considering the patient's specific needs.
Question 5 of 5
An African American patient has developed hypertension. The nurse is aware that which group(s) of antihypertensive drugs are less effective in African American patients?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Beta blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. African American patients tend to have better responses to diuretics and calcium channel blockers compared to beta blockers and ACE inhibitors. This is primarily due to genetic differences in how these drugs are metabolized in the body. Beta blockers and ACE inhibitors may be less effective in African American patients, leading to poorer blood pressure control. Additionally, these medications may have more side effects in this population. Therefore, it is important for healthcare providers to consider these factors when selecting antihypertensive medications for African American patients.