ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The following are hematologic causof childhood pseudotumor cerebri EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pseudotumor cerebri links to hematologic issulike Wiskott-Aldrich , megaloblastic anemia , polycythemia , and sickle cell via thrombosis or viscosity. Fanconi anemia causmarrow failure, not ICP. This mechanistic gap makes D the exception and correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
All of the following cause neonatal seizurEXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neonatal seizurstem from pyridoxine deficiency , causing refractory epilepsy; lissencephaly , a malformation with epileptogenic cortex; hypoglycemia , lowering seizure threshold; and hypoxia-ischemia (D in original). Spina bifida , a spinal defect, rarely causseizurunless complicated by meningitis or severe hydrocephalus, which isnt typical neonatally. Incontinentia pigmentosa also links to seizurvia brain lesions. Spina bifidas primary spinal focus, lacking direct cortical irritability, makes D the exception and correct answer, per neonatal seizure etiology.
Question 3 of 5
The average time of closure of the anterior fontanel is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The anterior fontanel closat 18 months on average, per pediatric norms (e.g., Nelson Textbook). It rangfrom 9-24 months, but 18 months is the mean, reflecting cranial suture fusion. Earlier closure (A-C, 12-16 months) occurs in some, while 22 months is late. This milestone tracks brain growth; premature closure may signal craniosynostosis. Longitudinal data confirm 18 months as typical, making D the correct answer, balancing variability and standard development.
Question 4 of 5
A method to reduce the incidence of neural tube defects is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Folate supplementation 1 month before conception reducneural tube defect (NTD) incidence by 50-70%, per CDC, supporting neurulation by day 28 post-conception. Starting at 12 weeks is too late; neurulation is complete. Avoiding STDs prevents infections, not NTDs. Chromosomal screening identifitrisomies, not NTDs. Preconception folatpreventive timing, per public health data, make B the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
Migraine is defined as a recurrent headache with symptom-free intervals and at least three of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Migraine (ICHD-3) requirrecurrent headachwith featurlike abdominal pain , nausea/emesis , throbbing quality , unilateral location (D in original), relief with sleep , or aura . Absent family history is not a diagnostic criterion; family history supports diagnosis but isnt required. Its exclusion from core features, per migraine definitions, makes D the exception and correct answer.