ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
The Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is characterized by
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome involves perihepatitis from gonococcal or chlamydial infection, causing RUQ pain.
Question 2 of 5
An HIV-seropositive female comes to her physician for advice because she is pregnant. She has never been on any antiviral medication because she had remained healthy without symptoms of AIDS. However, she wonders whether antiviral treatment might diminish the likelihood of fetal HIV infection. Which one of the following statements is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antiretroviral therapy reduces vertical HIV transmission by over 50% with minimal maternal or fetal harm.
Question 3 of 5
In regions where penicillin-resistant pneumococci are prevalent, patients who are strongly suspected of having bacterial meningitis should receive which of the following antimicrobial agents added to ceftriaxone or cefotaxime for empirical antimicrobial therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vancomycin covers penicillin-resistant pneumococci in bacterial meningitis.
Question 4 of 5
A 16-year-old female has abrupt onset of high fever, vomiting, and diarrhea, with a diffuse sunburn-like rash, hyperemia of the pharyngeal and conjunctival membranes, oliguria, and postural hypotension. The most likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Toxic shock syndrome presents with fever, rash, and multisystem involvement including hypotension.
Question 5 of 5
A 14-year-old child develops a nontender, solitary nodule that slowly enlarged over several weeks and that began at the site of an abrasion that occurred while cleaning his fish aquarium. Which is the most likely infecting organism?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mycobacterium marinum causes 'fish tank granuloma' from aquarium exposure.