ATI RN
Infection Prevention and Control NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The first thing that you should do immediately after a client accident is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assess the client. This is the first crucial step after an accident to ensure the client's immediate safety and well-being. By assessing the client, you can quickly identify any injuries or medical conditions that require immediate attention. This step helps in determining the appropriate course of action, whether to render care, notify the doctor, or inform the nurse manager. Choice A (Notify the doctor) is incorrect as assessing the client's condition should precede contacting the doctor. Choice B (Render care) is also incorrect because without proper assessment, providing care may lead to further harm. Choice D (Notify the nurse manager) is not the immediate priority compared to assessing the client's condition for timely intervention.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is placed on Airborne Precautions for pulmonary tuberculosis. The nurse notes that the patient seems to be angry, but the nurse recognizes that this is a normal response to isolation. Which is the nurse’s best intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Explanation of isolation procedures helps the patient understand the necessity of precautions. 2. Providing meaningful stimulation can alleviate boredom and feelings of isolation. 3. It promotes patient autonomy and empowerment. 4. It addresses the emotional needs of the patient. 5. It is essential in maintaining effective communication and trust with the patient. Incorrect Choices: A: Providing a dark, quiet room may worsen feelings of isolation and contribute to the patient's distress. B: Reducing precautions compromises infection control and risks spreading the disease. D: Limiting family visits may increase feelings of loneliness and isolation, negatively impacting the patient's emotional well-being.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is diagnosed with a multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) in his surgical wound and asks the nurse what this means. What is the nurse’s best response? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it accurately explains that a multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) has developed resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics, making it challenging to treat effectively. MDROs are resistant to multiple antibiotics due to genetic mutations. This response educates the patient on the severity of the situation and the need for alternative treatment strategies. A is incorrect as MDRO refers to resistance in one organism, not multiple organisms causing the infection. B is incorrect as it simplifies the issue to antibiotic strength rather than resistance. C is incorrect as it suggests using multiple antibiotics, which is not always the best approach for MDROs and may contribute to further resistance.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse on the medical/surgical floor is caring for an elderly, postoperative patient with dementia who is in restraints because she refuses to stay in bed or keep her IVs in. The nurse knows that she will have to provide range of motion exercises and ask if the patient needs to use the restroom how often?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: every 2 hours. For elderly patients in restraints, it is crucial to prevent complications like pressure ulcers, muscle atrophy, and urinary retention. Providing range of motion exercises every 2 hours helps maintain joint mobility and prevent contractures. Asking the patient about restroom needs every 2 hours ensures timely toileting to prevent urinary retention and related issues. Option A (every 6 hours) is too infrequent and increases the risk of complications. Option C (every 8 hours) and Option D (every 4 hours) are also not as optimal as they do not provide the necessary frequency required for the patient's care.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is admitting a 70-year-old patient for a procedure. The patient has type I diabetes mellitus with significant peripheral neuropathy, atrial fibrillation controlled with antiarrhythmic medications, and osteoarthritis bilaterally in his knees. He is also on anticoagulants with an INR of 3.0. Given that the nurse knows about the individual risk factors that raise the risk of a fall, accident, or injury while hospitalized, which of the following should be identified as the most significant risk factor for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy significantly impairs sensation and coordination, increasing the risk of falls and injuries. The patient's age and comorbidities like diabetes, atrial fibrillation, and anticoagulant therapy already pose risks, but peripheral neuropathy directly affects the patient's ability to perceive and react to potential hazards, making it the most significant risk factor in this case. Atrial fibrillation and anticoagulant therapy increase the risk of bleeding but are not directly related to falls. Bilateral knee osteoarthritis may contribute to mobility issues but is not as directly associated with fall risk as peripheral neuropathy.