ATI RN
Disorders of the Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The first step in urine production
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the first step in urine production occurs as water and solutes move from the glomerulus to the glomerular capsule during the process of filtration. This initial step involves the passive movement of water and small solutes through the filtration membrane in the glomerulus. Reabsorption (choice A) occurs later in the process when useful substances are reclaimed from the filtrate. Choice B is incorrect as it describes the process of reabsorption, not the initial step. Choice C is also incorrect as secretion is the process of actively transporting substances from the blood into the renal tubules, not the first step in urine production.
Question 2 of 5
Generally, the changes normally associated with menopause occur because the cells in the reproductive tract are:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Estrogen dependent. During menopause, the changes in the reproductive tract are primarily due to the decline in estrogen levels. Estrogen plays a crucial role in regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining the health of the reproductive tissues. As estrogen levels decrease, it leads to various symptoms and changes associated with menopause. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the hormonal changes that occur during menopause. Choice D is incorrect because during menopause, the cells in the reproductive tract become less responsive to estrogen due to the decline in estrogen levels.
Question 3 of 5
During the interview, a patient reveals that she has some vaginal discharge. She is worried that it may be a sexually transmitted infection. The nurse's most appropriate response to this would be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it focuses on gathering more information about the vaginal discharge, which is essential in assessing the patient's condition. By asking about the color of the discharge, the nurse can gather valuable information to help determine if it might be related to a sexually transmitted infection or another issue. This approach shows a patient-centered and thorough assessment. Choice A is incorrect as it dismisses the patient's concerns without obtaining further information. Choice B jumps to conclusions about unprotected sexual intercourse without first assessing the situation. Choice D is unrelated to the patient's primary concern about vaginal discharge and urinary incontinence.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is examining a 35-year-old female patient. During the health history, the nurse notices that she has had two term pregnancies, and both babies were delivered vaginally. During the internal examination, the nurse observes that the cervical os is a horizontal slit with some healed lacerations and that the cervix has some nabothian cysts that are small, smooth, and yellow. In addition, the nurse notices that the cervical surface is granular and red, especially around the os. Finally, the nurse notices the presence of stringy, opaque, odorless secretions. Which of these findings are abnormal?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The cervical surface is granular and red. This finding indicates inflammation or infection, as a healthy cervix should appear smooth and pink. The presence of granular and red surface could suggest cervicitis or another underlying issue that needs further evaluation or treatment. A: Nabothian cysts are present - This is a normal finding and does not indicate any abnormality or concern. B: The cervical os is a horizontal slit - This is a normal anatomical variation and does not indicate any abnormality. D: Stringy, opaque secretions are present - This can be a normal finding depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle and does not necessarily indicate an abnormality.
Question 5 of 5
During a vaginal examination of a 38-year-old woman, the nurse notices that the vulva and vagina are erythematous and edematous with thick, white, curdlike discharge adhering to the vaginal walls. The woman reports intense pruritus and thick white discharge from her vagina. The nurse knows that these history and physical examination findings are most consistent with which condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The key clues in the question are thick, white, curdlike discharge, intense pruritus, erythematous, and edematous vulva and vagina. Step 2: These symptoms are classic for candidiasis, a fungal infection caused by Candida species. Step 3: Candidiasis commonly presents with thick, white discharge, itching, and inflamed vaginal tissues. Step 4: Trichomoniasis (choice B) typically presents with frothy, greenish-yellow discharge and vaginal itching. Step 5: Atrophic vaginitis (choice C) is more common in postmenopausal women and presents with thin, watery discharge and vaginal dryness. Step 6: Bacterial vaginosis (choice D) presents with thin, grayish-white discharge and a fishy odor. Step 7: Therefore, based on the symptoms described in the question, the correct answer is A: Candidiasis.