The federal government requires ______ hours of continuing education for nursing assistants each year.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (15 hours) because federal regulations mandate nursing assistants to complete 12 hours of continuing education annually. This requirement ensures that nursing assistants are up-to-date with the latest practices, guidelines, and skills necessary to provide high-quality care to patients. Explanation for other choices: A (10 hours): This choice is incorrect as it does not meet the federal requirement of 12 hours. B (12 hours): While this choice aligns with the federal requirement, it falls short of the correct answer of 15 hours. D (18 hours): This choice exceeds the federal requirement and is therefore incorrect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Verbal communication involves the use of words to convey a message. Sending a text message involves typing and sending written words, making it a clear example of verbal communication. Crossing arms (choice B) and tapping feet (choice C) are non-verbal cues, while nodding (choice D) is a non-verbal gesture indicating agreement. These choices do not involve the use of words, unlike sending a text message (choice A), which directly uses language for communication.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Birth trauma. Cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder that affects movement and posture, often caused by damage to the developing brain before, during, or shortly after birth. Birth trauma, such as oxygen deprivation during delivery, can lead to cerebral palsy. Vehicular accidents (A), accidents after the age of three (B), and communicable diseases (D) are not direct causes of cerebral palsy as they do not typically result in brain damage during the critical developmental period around birth.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The autoclave uses high pressure and temperature to sterilize objects by killing all microorganisms, including spores. This process ensures that no viable microorganisms remain on the objects, effectively preventing infection. Choice A is incorrect as some spores can be eliminated by the autoclave. Choice D is incorrect because disinfection does not guarantee the elimination of all microorganisms. Choice C is the correct answer as sterilization ensures the complete destruction or removal of all forms of microbial life, making the object safe for use.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Incontinence. Restraint use can lead to incontinence due to restricted movement and inability to access the toilet. Restraints can prevent patients from being able to control their bladder or bowels, resulting in involuntary leakage or accidents. Decreased agitation (B) is not a complication but a potential benefit of restraint use. Increased appetite (C) and diarrhea (D) are not directly linked to restraint use and are less likely complications compared to incontinence in this context.