The father of a 4-month-old infant calls in to the clinic reporting that his child is having a reaction to immunizations. What is the most important piece of information the nurse should elicit?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The signs and symptoms the infant is experiencing. This is the most important information because it helps determine the severity and type of reaction the infant is having. By knowing the specific signs and symptoms, the nurse can assess whether it is a mild or severe reaction and provide appropriate guidance or intervention. Choice A (The time the immunization was received) may be important for tracking purposes but does not provide immediate information on the infant's condition. Choice B (Whether the father has given the infant any acetaminophen) is relevant but not as crucial as knowing the actual symptoms. Choice D (The sites used to administer the immunizations) is less important compared to knowing the symptoms, as the reaction can occur regardless of the administration sites.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it is crucial for the patient to know when to return for the next dose to ensure optimal protection against human papillomavirus. This vaccination requires multiple doses for full effectiveness. Choice A is incorrect because HPV vaccination does not prevent all sexually transmitted diseases, only specific types of HPV. Choice B is incorrect because pap smears are still necessary for cervical cancer screening even after HPV vaccination. Choice C is incorrect because mild pain at the injection site is common and does not usually require notification to the healthcare provider.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increase fluid intake while taking the drug. Interferon alfa 2b can cause flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, and muscle aches, leading to dehydration. Increasing fluid intake helps to prevent dehydration and supports the body's ability to manage these side effects. A: Avoid drinking alcohol while taking the drug - Although it is generally recommended to limit alcohol consumption while taking medications, this is not specifically related to interferon alfa 2b. B: Continue to maintain maximal physical activity - Excessive physical activity may exacerbate the flu-like symptoms caused by interferon alfa 2b, so it is advisable to avoid overexertion. D: Treat constipation with over-the-counter laxatives - Constipation is not a common side effect of interferon alfa 2b, so using over-the-counter laxatives may not be necessary unless specifically advised by a healthcare provider.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The need to use barrier contraceptives while taking the drug. This is important because immune modulators can potentially harm a developing fetus, so it is crucial to use barrier contraceptives to prevent pregnancy during treatment. Incorrect answers: A: The need to continue oral contraceptives - This is incorrect because oral contraceptives may not provide sufficient protection against pregnancy while on immune modulators. C: The need to avoid sexual intercourse while taking the drug - This is incorrect as it is an extreme measure and not necessary if barrier contraceptives are used. D: The importance of taking an aspirin daily to decrease the adverse effects of the drug - This is incorrect as aspirin is not typically indicated for reducing adverse effects of immune modulators.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alefacept (Amevive). Alefacept targets T cells by binding to CD2 and inhibiting their activation. This helps suppress both T- and B-cell activity, making it an effective treatment for psoriasis. Azathioprine (B) primarily targets T cells by inhibiting their proliferation but doesn't directly suppress B cells. Cyclosporine (C) targets T cells by inhibiting their activation but doesn't specifically target B cells. Glatiramer acetate (D) is used for multiple sclerosis and doesn't suppress T- and B-cells as required for psoriasis treatment.