The father of a 4-month-old infant calls in to the clinic reporting that his child is having a reaction to immunizations. What is the most important piece of information the nurse should elicit?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The signs and symptoms the infant is experiencing. This is important because it helps determine the severity of the reaction and guide appropriate interventions. Understanding the specific symptoms can aid in differentiating between a mild versus severe reaction. Options A, B, and D are not as critical because knowing the exact time of immunization, administering acetaminophen, or the sites of administration do not provide immediate information on the infant's current condition and necessary actions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it is crucial for the patient to understand the importance of completing the full HPV vaccination series for optimal protection. By informing the patient about the date for the next dose, it ensures adherence to the recommended schedule and maximizes the effectiveness of the vaccine. This helps in building long-term immunity against HPV-related diseases. Choice A is incorrect because HPV vaccination does not prevent all sexually transmitted diseases, it specifically targets HPV strains. Choice B is incorrect because even after HPV vaccination, regular Pap smears are still necessary for cervical cancer screening. Choice C is incorrect as mild pain at the injection site is a common side effect of the vaccine and does not typically require notification to the healthcare provider unless it persists or worsens.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): The nurse should instruct the patient to increase fluid intake while taking interferon alfa 2b because this medication can lead to dehydration as a side effect. Increasing fluid intake can help prevent dehydration and support overall well-being during treatment. Dehydration can worsen side effects and impact treatment efficacy. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Avoid drinking alcohol while taking the drug - While it is generally advisable to limit alcohol consumption during medical treatment, there is no specific interaction between interferon alfa 2b and alcohol mentioned in the question. B: Continue to maintain maximal physical activity - This choice is not directly related to the medication instructions provided in the question. Excessive physical activity may not always be appropriate for patients undergoing leukemia treatment. D: Treat constipation with over-the-counter laxatives - Constipation is not a common side effect associated with interferon alfa 2b, so using laxatives may not be necessary unless specifically recommended by a healthcare provider.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The need to use barrier contraceptives while taking the drug. This is important because immune modulators can have teratogenic effects, meaning they can harm a developing fetus. Using barrier contraceptives can help prevent pregnancy and protect the fetus from potential harm. Choice A is incorrect because continuing oral contraceptives may not provide adequate protection against pregnancy while on immune modulators. Choice C is incorrect as avoiding sexual intercourse is not necessary as long as effective contraception is used. Choice D is incorrect as taking aspirin daily is not related to the use of immune modulators and may not decrease adverse effects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alefacept (Amevive). Alefacept is a biologic drug that specifically targets T-cells, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. By suppressing T-cell activity, Alefacept helps to reduce the inflammation and proliferation of skin cells seen in psoriasis. Additionally, Alefacept does not impact B-cell function, making it a suitable choice for this patient. Choice B (Azathioprine) is incorrect because it primarily acts on B-cells and is not as effective in targeting T-cells involved in psoriasis. Choice C (Cyclosporine) is incorrect as it is a calcineurin inhibitor that suppresses T-cell activity but also affects B-cells. Choice D (Glatiramer acetate) is incorrect as it is used to treat multiple sclerosis by modulating the immune response but does not specifically target T-cells involved in psoriasis.