The family of steroid hormones are chemically derived from cholesterol and include:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Steroid hormones, derived from cholesterol, include corticosteroids (e.g., cortisol), sex hormones (e.g., testosterone), and vitamin D lipid-based, nuclear-acting. GnRH, GHRH, TRH are peptides (hypothalamus), not steroids. GH and ACTH are pituitary peptides, not cholesterol-derived. T4/T3 are amines from tyrosine, not steroids. Corticosteroids, sex hormones, and vitamin D's cholesterol origin distinguishes them, key to their synthesis and action, unlike peptide or amine families.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lacrimal glands secrete tears via ducts (exocrine), not hormones unlike adrenal (cortisol), pituitary (GH), and thyroid (T3/T4), which are ductless endocrine glands. This distinguishes exocrine vs. endocrine classification, critical for NEET's glandular taxonomy, avoiding confusion with secretory functions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Adrenaline (epinephrine), from the adrenal medulla, is a catecholamine derived from tyrosine, not cholesterol, acting rapidly via cell membrane receptors. Estrogen, cortisone, and testosterone, from gonads or adrenal cortex, are steroid hormones, cholesterol-based, penetrating cells to alter gene expression. Adrenaline's amino acid origin and fast, non-genomic action contrast with steroids' lipid-derived, slower nuclear effects, distinguishing it in endocrine classification, vital for understanding hormone mechanisms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) post-epiphyseal closure (adulthood) causes acromegaly, enlarging bones (e.g., hands, jaw) without lengthening, due to fused growth plates. Myxedema is hypothyroidism's effect, slowing metabolism. Addison's disease is adrenal insufficiency. Gigantism occurs pre-closure from GH excess, increasing height. Acromegaly's adult-onset bone thickening distinguishes it, key to endocrine pathology, unlike metabolic or pre-pubertal conditions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Epinephrine, from the adrenal medulla, mimics sympathetic activation, raising heart rate, dilating pupils, and mobilizing glucose, akin to fight-or-flight. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid, manages chronic stress and metabolism, not acute sympathetic effects. Androgens (e.g., testosterone) drive sex traits, not sympathetic. Aldosterone regulates electrolytes, not mimicking neural responses. Epinephrine's rapid, catecholamine-driven action distinguishes it, critical for acute stress, unlike slower or unrelated hormones.