ATI RN
History of Public Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
The establishment of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1946 helped shape modern public health policy. What is the primary mission of the CDC?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To conduct public health surveillance and promote disease prevention. The CDC's primary mission is to monitor health trends, detect and investigate health problems, and promote public health through education and prevention programs. This is evident in its extensive work in tracking disease outbreaks, conducting research on disease prevention strategies, and providing guidance to healthcare professionals and the public. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the CDC's main focus is not on developing medications, managing healthcare costs, or overseeing environmental protection laws.
Question 2 of 5
Which vaccine, developed in the 20th century, led to the global eradication of a major infectious disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the Smallpox vaccine. The Smallpox vaccine was developed in the 18th century by Edward Jenner and led to the global eradication of smallpox in the 20th century. The vaccine's effectiveness in preventing smallpox transmission played a crucial role in the eradication effort led by the World Health Organization. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while these vaccines are important in preventing diseases, none of them led to the global eradication of a major infectious disease like the Smallpox vaccine did.
Question 3 of 5
The establishment of the first public health nursing program in the United States was influenced by which major health event?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The Spanish Flu pandemic. During the 1918 Spanish Flu pandemic, public health officials recognized the need for a structured public health nursing program to address the widespread health crisis. This event highlighted the importance of preventative care and community health initiatives, leading to the establishment of the first public health nursing program in the United States. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The Civil War primarily influenced advancements in military medicine and nursing. C: The Yellow Fever outbreak led to important developments in tropical medicine but did not directly influence the establishment of the first public health nursing program. D: The Great Depression prompted social welfare programs but was not directly linked to the establishment of public health nursing.
Question 4 of 5
The development of which vaccine in the mid-20th century dramatically reduced the incidence of polio worldwide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Polio vaccine by Jonas Salk. The development of this vaccine in the mid-20th century led to a significant reduction in polio cases globally. Salk's inactivated polio vaccine was the first effective vaccine against polio and played a crucial role in controlling the spread of the disease. The other choices (A: Measles vaccine, B: Hepatitis B vaccine, D: Rubella vaccine) are important vaccines in their own right, but they did not have the same impact on reducing the incidence of polio worldwide as the polio vaccine by Jonas Salk.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following was a key principle in the development of the first public health policies in the 19th century?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sanitation and disease prevention. In the 19th century, public health policies focused on improving sanitary conditions and preventing the spread of diseases. This principle was key in reducing mortality rates and improving overall population health. Centralized government control of healthcare (A) was not as prominent during this period. Nationalized healthcare systems (C) and universal vaccination programs (D) were not widely implemented or emphasized in the 19th century. Sanitation and disease prevention were foundational pillars in shaping public health policies during this era.