ATI RN
Epidemiology Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The epidemiologic triad of disease causation refers to: (Choose one best answer)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The triad—agent, host, environment—frames disease causation.
Question 2 of 5
A city that depended on tourist dollars had feedback that tourists were saying they were never returning because of the constant mosquito bites. Which action should be taken by the city?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Knowing the reservoirs for infectious agents is important, because, in some cases, transmission can be controlled by eliminating the reservoir, such as eliminating the standing water where mosquitoes breed. The other interventions, not having events at dusk or dawn, providing bug repellent, and wearing bright colors are ways the tourists can cope with the mosquitos that are present, but they do not eliminate the breeding and presence of the mosquitos.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning primary prevention activities related to the emergence of tuberculosis (TB) in the local community. Which activity would the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary prevention of communicable diseases involves measures to prevent transmission of an infectious agent and to prevent pathology in the person exposed to an infection. Community education is part of primary prevention. Secondary prevention consists of activities to detect infections early and effectively treat persons who are infected. These actions prevent not only progression of the infectious disease but also transmission of the pathogen to others. Reporting infectious diseases, investigating contacts, notifying partners, finding new cases, and isolating infected people also are examples of secondary prevention. Tertiary prevention includes activities involved in caring for persons with an infectious disease to ensure that they are cured or that their quality of life is maintained. Perhaps the most important part of the treatment process is to ensure that people take their antimicrobial agents completely and effectively.
Question 4 of 5
Which statement best describes why the incidence and prevalence of gonorrhea is unknown?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morbidity rates (incidence and prevalence rates) are not available for many conditions because surveillance of many chronic diseases is not widely conducted. Furthermore, morbidity rates may be subject to underreporting when they are available. In other words, there is no responsibility to report cases of most diseases, including gonorrhea. Information is only available related to conditions where care providers are required to report that specific condition or where those affected die and mortality data are available.
Question 5 of 5
A researcher has limited time and funds. Which research design would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because longitudinal, cohort, or incidence studies are costly in terms of resources and staff and often lose subjects over time, a retrospective study may be used because it is faster and less demanding of resources.