ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The enzyme specifically decreased in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pyruvate dehydrogenase is impaired due to thiamine deficiency in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
A 14-year-old girl is brought to the emergency room as her mother observed that her daughter experienced frequent impairments of consciousness lasting for about 30 seconds. Neurological evaluation indicates 'Absence seizures'. With which of the following drugs should we start treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ethosuximide (choice C) treats absence seizures by reducing T-type calcium currents, ideal for brief consciousness lapses. Alprazolam (choice A), Diazepam (choice B), and Midazolam (choice D), benzodiazepines, aren't first-line for absence. Ethosuximide's specificity is key.
Question 3 of 5
Morphine can be used for all the following therapeutic indications EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Morphine treats MI pain (choice A), postoperative pain (choice C), and pulmonary edema (choice D) by reducing pain and preload. Head injury pain (choice B) contraindicates it due to respiratory depression and ICP risks. This exception guides safe use.
Question 4 of 5
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) should never be used in pregnant women because it is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DES, a synthetic estrogen, causes deep vein thrombosis (choice A), feminization of male offspring (choice B), and miscarriages (choice C) in pregnancy, linked to historical congenital anomalies (e.g., vaginal adenocarcinoma). Virilization of female offspring (choice D) isn't reported; DES mimics estrogen, not androgens. This exception highlights its teratogenic risks, banning its use in pregnancy.
Question 5 of 5
Corticosteroids are used in treatment of the following conditions EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corticosteroids treat anaphylaxis (choice A), transplantation (choice B), and osteoarthritis (choice C) via anti-inflammatory effects. Hypertension (choice D) is a side effect, not an indication, making it the exception. This clarifies therapeutic scope.