ATI RN
Respiratory System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The enzyme responsible for converting free carbon dioxide in the blood into forms in which it can be transported in the blood is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: carbonic anhydrase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate ions and protons, enabling efficient transport of CO2 in the blood. Carboxypeptidase (B) is involved in protein digestion, not CO2 transport. Carbonase (C) is not a recognized enzyme. Decarboxylase (D) catalyzes the removal of carboxyl groups from molecules, not the conversion of CO2 in the blood. Therefore, only carbonic anhydrase is the correct enzyme for this specific function.
Question 2 of 5
Expiratory muscles contract at the time of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Forceful expiration. During forceful expiration, expiratory muscles such as the internal intercostals and abdominal muscles contract to increase the force of exhalation. This helps in pushing air out of the lungs more effectively. In contrast, during normal expiration (choice D), the expiratory muscles are not significantly engaged as the process is passive. Choices A and B are incorrect because deep inspiration and normal inspiration do not involve the contraction of expiratory muscles.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following gases makes the most stable combination with the haemoglobin of red blood cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: CO. Carbon monoxide (CO) forms a stable combination with hemoglobin, known as carboxyhemoglobin. This is because CO has a higher affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen (choice C), leading to the formation of a stable bond. Choice A (CO2) forms a reversible combination with hemoglobin, while choice D (N) does not bind significantly to hemoglobin. Hence, B is the most stable combination due to CO's strong bond with hemoglobin.
Question 4 of 5
A client has a tracheostomy that is 3 days old. Upon assessment the nurse notes that the client's face is puffy and the eyelids are swollen. What action by the nurse takes best?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess the client's oxygen saturation. Puffy face and swollen eyelids could indicate a potential airway obstruction or compromised oxygenation. Assessing oxygen saturation will help determine if the client is adequately oxygenated. If oxygen saturation is low, immediate intervention may be needed. Choice B: Notifying the Rapid Response Team is premature without confirming the client's oxygen status first. Choice C: Oxygenating with a bag-valve-mask assumes the issue is solely related to oxygenation, which may not be the case. Choice D: Palpating the skin of the upper chest does not directly address the potential respiratory issue indicated by the client's presentation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse teaches a client to use a room humidifier after a laryngectomy. Which statement would the nurse include in this patient's teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Make sure you clean the humidifier to prevent infection. This is important because a dirty humidifier can harbor bacteria and mold, leading to respiratory infections in a laryngectomy patient who is already at a higher risk of respiratory complications. Cleaning the humidifier regularly helps maintain a safe and healthy environment for the patient. Incorrect choices: A: Adding peppermint oil can irritate the airway and is not recommended for laryngectomy patients. C: Keeping the humidifier filled with water at all times can lead to bacterial growth if the water is not changed regularly. D: Using the humidifier constantly can lead to over-humidification, which can also increase the risk of respiratory infections.