The Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601 is similar to which current law?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Welfare. The Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601 provided relief for the poor and established the concept of government responsibility for social welfare. Welfare is the modern-day equivalent, encompassing various programs to assist those in need. Food stamps, Medicaid, and Medicare are specific programs within the broader welfare system, but they do not fully capture the comprehensive nature of social welfare like the Elizabethan Poor Law and modern welfare programs do.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the Shattuck Report, published in 1850, led to the initiation of efforts to control alcohol and drug abuse, as well as tobacco use. This report was a landmark in public health history, advocating for improved sanitation and preventative measures. Choice B is incorrect as it does not align with the main focus of the report. Choice C is incorrect as environmental sanitation was a component but not the main outcome. Choice D is incorrect as the development of guidelines for modern public health organizations was not the immediate outcome of the Shattuck Report.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, investigating causes of absenteeism. In the early 20th century, school nurses focused on public health, identifying and addressing health issues affecting attendance. By investigating causes of absenteeism, nurses could improve overall student health and well-being. Choice B, teaching school as well as being a nurse, is incorrect because school nurses primarily focused on health-related duties, not teaching. Choice C, promoting nursing as an autonomous practice, is incorrect as the role of school nurses was more about public health and student well-being rather than advocating for nursing autonomy. Choice D, providing medical treatment to enable children to return to school, is incorrect as the primary focus was on prevention and health education rather than solely treating existing health issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because nurses in the early 20th century were primarily educated in diploma schools that focused on providing care to hospitalized clients, rather than preparing them for public health nursing. This limited their exposure to community-based care and preventive health practices essential for public health nursing. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Public health nursing was indeed recognized as a field by the early 20th century, so this cannot be a reason for nurses being unprepared. C: Lack of teaching resources does not fully explain why nurses were unprepared; it was more about the focus of their education. D: While Nightingale's textbook may not have included public health nursing content, it is not the sole reason for nurses' lack of preparedness.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Comprehensive assessment and planning done in the community. This is crucial as it ensures that the program is tailored to the specific needs and priorities of the community. By conducting a thorough assessment, the nurse can identify the most pressing health issues and develop a program that addresses those needs effectively. Documented needs of the local community (B) are important but may not capture the full scope of issues without a comprehensive assessment. Federal funding (C) is helpful but should not be the sole determining factor in program development. Nursing staff expertise (D) is valuable but should be complemented by community assessment to ensure relevance and effectiveness.