ATI RN
Questions to Ask About Neurological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are known as ______ while the shallow grooves are termed ______.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The elevated ridges on the cerebral hemispheres are called gyri, and the shallow grooves are called sulci. Ganglia, tracts, receptors, and effectors are unrelated to these structures. Thus, B is the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
While the nurse performs formal patient assessment, assistive personnel often observe changes when obtaining vital signs or assisting patients with ADL's. When discussing care for a patient with back pain, the nurse should particularly alert the assistant to watch for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bowel and bladder incontinence in a patient with back pain may indicate cauda equina syndrome, a medical emergency caused by compression of the nerve roots in the lower spine. Dizziness, difficulty swallowing, and arm weakness are not typically associated with cauda equina syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
What role, if any, do Hox genes play in specification of neuronal fate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hox genes are crucial for specifying neuronal identity along the antero-posterior axis. Different combinations of Hox genes are expressed in distinct regions of the developing nervous system, providing positional information that guides the differentiation of neurons into specific subtypes. This ensures the proper organization and function of the spinal cord and brain.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for the client with increased intracranial pressure. The nurse would note which of the following trends in vital signs if the ICP is rising?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In increased ICP, Cushing's triad may occur, which includes bradycardia (decreasing pulse), irregular respirations (decreasing respirations), and widening pulse pressure (increasing blood pressure). These signs indicate severe brainstem compression and are late signs of increased ICP, requiring immediate intervention.
Question 5 of 5
When comparing a CVA and TIA, the nurse knows this is unique about TIAs:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are characterized by temporary neurological deficits that resolve spontaneously within 24 hours. Unlike strokes, TIAs do not cause permanent damage but are warning signs of an increased risk for future strokes. Immediate evaluation and intervention are necessary to prevent a full-blown stroke.