ATI RN
NCLEX RN Infection Control Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The ED reports 3 cases of cramping, abdominal pain, and diarrhea within a 24-hour period. All persons are from the same community, and onset of symptoms was within 12 to 36 hours of a picnic they all attended. The IP suspects which of the following foodborne illnesses:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clostridium perfringens causes symptoms 6-24 hours post-ingestion, fitting the 12-36 hour timeline, unlike Salmonella (12-72 hours), Hepatitis A (weeks), or S. aureus (1-6 hours), making D correct.
Question 2 of 5
A pilot research study was conducted to compare the association between a new type of dressing and a unit's CLABSI rates. During the six-month period prior to the intervention of the new dressing the unit's CLABSI rate was 2.06 per 1000 central line days. During the 6 months the dressing was trialed, the unit's CLABSI rate was 1.76 per 1000 central line days. The p-value was 0.03. What conclusion can be reached?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: P=0.03 indicates statistical significance, suggesting an association, not causation, making A correct.
Question 3 of 5
The need to include employee education for IP is included in all of the following program components except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The 5-year plan is less likely to specify education, unlike the others, making D correct.
Question 4 of 5
What type of meningitis would be most consistent with the following cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) report result? Glucose Decreased Protein Elevated WBC counts 1,000/mm³
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bacterial meningitis shows low glucose, high protein, and high WBCs, making 1 correct.
Question 5 of 5
A patient in the neurosurgical ICU develops a fever. Cultures are ordered and collected. The physician decides to start an antibiotic while waiting for the culture results because the patient is critically ill. This type of antibiotic usage is called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Empiric therapy is used before pathogen identification in critical cases, making A correct.