ATI RN
Basic Nursing Care of a Neurosurgery Patient Questions
Question 1 of 5
The EASE (Enhancement for Active Seniors) programme introduced by HDB (Housing Development Board) is applicable to which one of the following individuals?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: EASE applies to Singaporeans aged 65+ in owner-occupied HDB flats, typically ADL/IADL independent, for home improvements. Age, residency, or dependency disqualify the others.
Question 2 of 5
A new IV anesthetic is found to have a very large volume of distribution. This drug is MOST likely to have which of the following properties?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A large volume of distribution indicates extensive tissue distribution, typical of drugs with low plasma protein binding, allowing them to leave the bloodstream.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is completing a medication history for the surgical patient in preadmission testing. Which medication should the nurse instruct the patient to hold (discontinue) in preparation for surgery according to protocol?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Warfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant and increases the risk of bleeding during surgery. Holding warfarin before surgery is crucial to minimize bleeding complications. Vitamin C, Prednisone, and Acetaminophen do not pose the same bleeding risk and can be safely continued before surgery. Each of these medications serves a different purpose and does not interfere significantly with surgical outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a patient in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) for postoperative fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Which action will be most appropriate for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Measure and record all intake and output. This action is most appropriate as it helps in assessing the patient's fluid status accurately. By tracking intake and output, the nurse can identify any imbalances and intervene promptly. Encouraging copious amounts of water (A) without monitoring intake and output can lead to fluid overload. Starting an additional IV line (B) may not be necessary if the current IV line is sufficient. Weighing the patient and comparing with preoperative weight (D) is important but may not provide real-time information on fluid and electrolyte balance. Monitoring intake and output is a comprehensive method to assess and manage fluid and electrolyte imbalances effectively.
Question 5 of 5
You are treating an adult trauma patient who was thrown from a moving vehicle. Upon assessment, you find the patient is hypotensive, has absent breath sounds on the right, and has visible tracheal deviation. What should you do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform a needle decompression. This is the first step because the patient likely has a tension pneumothorax, which is a life-threatening condition causing tracheal deviation, absent breath sounds, and hypotension. Needle decompression helps release the trapped air in the pleural space, alleviating the pressure on the heart and lungs. Administering a fluid bolus (choice B) may worsen the tension pneumothorax by increasing intrathoracic pressure. Intubation (choice C) may be necessary but should not be the first step in managing a tension pneumothorax. Placing the patient on a cardiac monitor (choice D) is important but not the immediate priority in this critical situation.