The early stage of cannabis intoxication is characterized by:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the early stage of cannabis intoxication typically includes euphoria, uncontrolled laughter, alteration of time sense, depersonalization, and sharpened vision. Euphoria and uncontrolled laughter are common effects of cannabis, while alteration of time sense and depersonalization are also frequently reported. Sharpened vision may occur due to the impact of cannabis on sensory perception. Therefore, all of the above symptoms are characteristic of the early stage of cannabis intoxication. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not encompass the full range of symptoms commonly associated with cannabis intoxication.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for why the correct answer is D (Constipation): 1. Iron supplements commonly cause constipation due to their effect on the gastrointestinal tract. 2. Iron slows down bowel movements and can lead to difficulty passing stool. 3. Constipation is a recognized adverse effect of oral iron therapy in medical literature. 4. Other choices are not directly related to iron therapy - anemia is treated with iron, thrombocytopenia is a low platelet count, and headache is not a common side effect of iron supplements.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: A: ACE inhibitors directly inhibit the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, not angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. B: Enalapril is indeed a prodrug that is converted to an active metabolite. C: ACE inhibitors do reduce the secretion of aldosterone. D: ACE inhibitors can lead to hyperkalemia when combined with a potassium-sparing diuretic due to decreased aldosterone levels.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for D (Minoxidil) as the correct answer: 1. Minoxidil is a vasodilator used for hypertension. 2. It acts by opening potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. 3. Opening potassium channels leads to hyperpolarization, causing relaxation. 4. This relaxation reduces peripheral vascular resistance, decreasing blood pressure. Summary: A (Dipyridamole) is a platelet inhibitor, not a potassium channel opener. B (Validol) is a mild cardiac sedative. C (Atenolol) is a beta-blocker. The correct answer is D (Minoxidil) because it directly acts on potassium channels to induce vasodilation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nicergoline is the correct answer as it is a derivative of Ergot. Ergot alkaloids are compounds derived from the ergot fungus and Nicergoline falls under this category. Warfarin is a blood thinner, Cinnarizine is a calcium channel blocker, and Vinpocetine is a nootropic drug. These drugs are not derivatives of Ergot, making them incorrect choices.