ATI RN
Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The ductus arteriosus is another fetal structure that is important in the intrauterine life. It functions to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta. Its main function is to bypass the non-functional fetal lungs by shunting blood from the pulmonary artery (which carries deoxygenated blood) directly to the systemic circulation, specifically the aorta. This allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to be distributed to the body's organs and tissues without having to first pass through the lungs for oxygen exchange. After birth, when the baby begins to breathe and oxygenate its blood through the lungs, the ductus arteriosus normally closes within the first few days to weeks of life.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is the most common permanent disability in childhood?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cerebral palsy is the most common permanent disability in childhood among the options provided. It is a group of disorders that affect movement and muscle coordination due to damage or abnormal development in the brain. Cerebral palsy can occur before, during, or shortly after birth, and it is a lifelong condition that impacts a child's ability to move, maintain balance, and posture. Scoliosis, muscular dystrophy, and developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) are also significant conditions that can lead to disabilities in children, but they are not as prevalent as cerebral palsy in terms of permanent disabilities in childhood.
Question 3 of 5
How can the nurse help monitor effectiveness of therapy for the patient with a pneumothorax and chest-drainage system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse can help monitor the effectiveness of therapy for a patient with a pneumothorax and chest drainage system by auscultating lung sounds. Auscultation can provide information about the air movement within the lungs and any changes in lung sounds, such as decreased or absent breath sounds on the affected side, which may indicate improvement or deterioration in the patient's condition. By regularly assessing lung sounds, the nurse can track the progress of the therapy and make informed decisions about the patient's care and treatment plan. Palpating for crepitus, documenting sputum characteristics, and monitoring suction levels are important aspects of care but are not specifically focused on assessing the effectiveness of therapy for a pneumothorax.
Question 4 of 5
While assessing a 2-hour old neonate, the nurse observes the neonate to have acrocyanosis. Which of the following nursing actions should be performed initially?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acrocyanosis is a normal finding in newborns, characterized by bluish discoloration of the hands and feet due to immature circulation. It usually resolves on its own within 24 hours after birth and does not require any intervention. It is essential for the nurse to recognize this normal physiological process to avoid unnecessary interventions. Activating the code blue system, taking the newborn's temperature immediately, or notifying the physician of the need for a cardiac consult is not indicated in this scenario because acrocyanosis is a benign condition in neonates.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse has been asked to prepare an intervention plan for a client, age 70, admitted for treatment of renal calculi. He complains of frequent pain due to increased pressure in the renal pelvis and is frightened of the excruciating pain. Which of the ff measures can the nurse include in the client's nursing care plan? Choose all that apply
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Administer prescribed nephrotoxic drugs - This measure is not appropriate for the client's care plan as nephrotoxic drugs can further harm the kidneys, exacerbating the condition of renal calculi.