ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Diseases NCLEX Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The _____ duct directly receives the fluids from the gallbladder.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: cystic duct. The cystic duct directly receives the fluids from the gallbladder and connects it to the common bile duct. The cystic duct is responsible for carrying bile from the gallbladder to the digestive system. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the common bile duct carries a mixture of bile from the liver and gallbladder, the hepatic duct connects the liver to the common bile duct, and the common hepatic duct connects the liver to the gallbladder, respectively. Therefore, the cystic duct is the only duct directly receiving fluids from the gallbladder.
Question 2 of 5
Na and other carrier ions facilitate absorption of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: amino acids and glucose. Na ions facilitate the absorption of these molecules in the small intestine through the process of co-transport with carrier proteins. Glucose and amino acids are primarily absorbed in the small intestine to be utilized by the body for energy and growth. Na ions help transport these molecules across the intestinal epithelium against their concentration gradients. A: Amino acids and fructose - While Na ions do play a role in the absorption of amino acids, fructose is primarily absorbed through facilitated diffusion and does not require Na ions for absorption. B: Fatty acids and glycerol - Fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed in the small intestine through a different mechanism called micelle formation and do not rely on Na ions for absorption. C: Fatty acids and glucose - While Na ions do play a role in the absorption of glucose, fatty acids are primarily absorbed through micelle formation and do not require Na ions for absorption.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is 3 days postoperative following abdominal surgery and notes the absence of bowel sounds, abdominal distention, and the client passing no flatus. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Paralytic ileus. After abdominal surgery, the bowel can temporarily stop functioning due to anesthesia, handling of the intestines, or inflammation. This leads to absent bowel sounds, distention, and no flatus passage. Ulcerative colitis (A) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, not related to postoperative findings. Cholecystitis (B) is inflammation of the gallbladder, typically presenting with right upper quadrant pain. Wound dehiscence (D) is the separation of surgical incision edges, not related to bowel function.
Question 4 of 5
Eleanor, a 62 y.o. woman with diverticulosis is your patient. Which interventions would you expect to include in her care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: C is correct as high-fiber diet helps prevent diverticulitis episodes. Psyllium adds bulk to stool, reducing strain on the colon. A is incorrect as low-fiber diet worsens diverticulosis. B is inappropriate as TPN is not first-line and bed rest can worsen symptoms. D is incorrect as analgesics and antacids do not address the underlying cause.
Question 5 of 5
Contractions that mix material in the small intestine are called
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: segmental contractions. Segmental contractions mix material in the small intestine by contracting and relaxing specific segments of the intestine to mix and move the contents. This process helps with digestion and nutrient absorption. A: Peristalsis refers to the wave-like muscle contractions that propel food through the digestive system, not mixing. B: Deglutition is the process of swallowing food, not mixing it in the small intestine. C: Mass movements are large contractions that move material through the large intestine, not the small intestine where mixing occurs.