ATI RN
Chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
The drug, inhibiting viral reverse transcriptase:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Zidovudine (AZT), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, blocks HIV reverse transcriptase, preventing viral RNA conversion to DNA.
Question 2 of 5
Concerning 1st generation antihistaminics, the following statement is incorrect:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: First-generation antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine) cause sedation, have anti-emetic effects, and some anti-parkinsonian effects, but cardiac arrhythmias are rare and more associated with second-generation drugs like terfenadine.
Question 3 of 5
About actions of serotonin, the following one is not correct:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Serotonin (5-HT) causes bronchoconstriction, platelet aggregation, and a triphasic blood pressure response (initial drop, rise, then stabilization). It inhibits gastric secretion, not increases it.
Question 4 of 5
PGE produces the following effect:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prostaglandin E (PGE) increases gastric mucus production, protecting the stomach lining, while it causes bronchodilation, vasodilation, and uterine contraction (not relaxation in pregnancy).
Question 5 of 5
A 5-year-old male patient's parents complain of recurring fever in their son over the course of a month. Past medical history is significant for easy bruisability. A CBC reveals a white blood cell count of 30,000 cells per microliter. A bone marrow biopsy confirms the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This child is started on a chemotherapeutic regimen. Which of the following chemotherapy drugs acts by causing cross-links to form in DNA?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent that forms cross-links in DNA, preventing DNA replication and transcription, which is effective against rapidly dividing cancer cells like those in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.