The difference between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation is

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because ionizing radiation is indeed higher energy, includes particles, and can ionize water, distinguishing it from non-ionizing radiation. Choice A is correct as ionizing radiation, such as x-rays and gamma rays, has high enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms. Choice B is correct as ionizing radiation includes alpha and beta particles, which are charged particles. Choice C is correct as ionizing radiation can ionize water molecules, leading to the formation of free radicals. Therefore, all of the statements in choices A, B, and C are true, making option D the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: From oceans. The hydrological cycle starts with water evaporating from oceans due to solar energy. This evaporated water forms clouds, which eventually release precipitation back to earth. This continuous process of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation is known as the hydrological cycle. The other choices, A, B, and C, are incorrect because water primarily comes from oceans to initiate this cycle, not from reservoirs, glaciers, ice caps, lakes, or rivers.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Northern Africa and the Near East, because these regions are known to be experiencing severe water scarcity and water stress due to factors such as high population growth, limited water resources, and climate change impacts. Northern Africa and the Near East are characterized by arid and semi-arid climates, making them particularly vulnerable to water shortages. Additionally, rapid urbanization and unsustainable water management practices have exacerbated the situation in these regions. Choice A, Australia and Indonesia, is incorrect because while both countries face water challenges, they do not currently suffer from the same level of water scarcity as Northern Africa and the Near East. Choice B, North and South America, is also incorrect as water scarcity is not as severe in these regions compared to Northern Africa and the Near East. Choice D, Siberia and Northern Canada, is incorrect as these regions are known for their abundant freshwater resources and are not experiencing significant water scarcity issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because prion diseases are caused by abnormal proteins called prions that can infect the brain. Eating the brain of an infected animal can introduce these prions into your body, leading to prion disease. Choice A is incorrect because prion diseases are not transmitted through touch alone. Choice C is incorrect because simply eating any brain does not guarantee infection with prions. Choice D is incorrect because prion diseases are not solely transmitted through cattle feed, but rather through direct consumption of infected brain tissue.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Hazardous chemicals were disposed of improperly at Love Canal, leading to the pollution disaster. This is supported by historical evidence and investigations that revealed the dumping of toxic chemicals by Hooker Chemical. Choice B is incorrect as it inaccurately states that Hooker Chemical donated their waste dump to the school system. Choice C is incorrect because the development of the land did not ignore the fact that it was a former waste dump; rather, it was developed without awareness of the extent of pollution. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests that the development was done in ignorance, which is not accurate based on the facts of the case.