ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Proctored Exam 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The diagnostic triad of morphine overdose consists of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The diagnostic triad of morphine overdose includes coma, depressed respiration, and pinpoint pupils. Coma occurs due to the central nervous system depression caused by morphine. Depressed respiration is a common symptom of opioid overdose, leading to respiratory distress and potential respiratory failure. Pinpoint pupils, also known as miosis, are a classic sign of opioid overdose and result from the effect of morphine on the autonomic nervous system. These three symptoms together are characteristic of a morphine overdose and indicate a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is receiving 10 mEq of potassium chloride in 100 mL of normal saline intravenously (IV) to infuse over 1 hour via infusion pump. The patient has a 22-gauge peripheral IV in his right forearm and reports pain at the insertion site; the nurse notes that the site is reddened, warm, and tender to the touch. Which action would the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's symptoms of pain, redness, warmth, and tenderness at the IV site indicate possible infiltration or phlebitis, which can lead to tissue damage or infection. The nurse should stop the infusion and discontinue the IV immediately to prevent further complications. Aspirating and slowing the rate (A) is inappropriate in this situation. Inserting a central line (B) is not the immediate priority. Applying warm compresses (D) may be done after discontinuing the IV, but it is not the first action.
Question 3 of 5
Dr. Rodriguez orders 250 milliliters of packed red blood cells (RBC) for a patient. This therapy is administered for the treatment of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Packed red blood cells (RBCs) are used to treat anemia, a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count or hemoglobin level. Anemia can result from blood loss, chronic disease, or nutritional deficiencies. Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia involve low platelet and white blood cell counts, respectively, and are not treated with RBC transfusions. Hypoalbuminemia involves low albumin levels and requires albumin infusions, not RBCs. Therefore, anemia is the correct indication for this therapy.
Question 4 of 5
The diagnostic triad of morphine overdose consists of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The diagnostic triad of morphine overdose includes coma, depressed respiration, and pinpoint pupils. Coma occurs due to the central nervous system depression caused by morphine. Depressed respiration is a common symptom of opioid overdose, leading to respiratory distress and potential respiratory failure. Pinpoint pupils, also known as miosis, are a classic sign of opioid overdose and result from the effect of morphine on the autonomic nervous system. These three symptoms together are characteristic of a morphine overdose and indicate a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is concerned about the adverse effects of the fibric acid derivative she is taking to lower her cholesterol level. Which is an adverse effect of this class of medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adverse effects of fibric acid derivatives, also known as fibrates, may include joint pain among other side effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms, abnormalities in liver function tests, and myopathy (muscle damage). Joint pain can be a result of musculoskeletal side effects associated with fibrates, so it is important for the patient to report any new or worsening joint pain to their healthcare provider.