ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Med Surg 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was historically created to assist medical professionals in diagnosing a patient's condition. Which is not true of the DSM?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) The DSM is rarely used today, as neuroimaging can more reliably identify most psychiatric conditions. This statement is false because the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) remains a crucial tool in diagnosing mental health conditions. The DSM provides a standardized criteria set for diagnosing mental disorders based on symptoms and observable behaviors. It is used by healthcare professionals worldwide to ensure consistent and accurate diagnoses. Option A is incorrect because Axis I of the DSM notes clinical disorders like major depression, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia. These are considered common mental health conditions. Option B is incorrect as Axis II of the DSM notes personality disorders such as borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. These disorders are characterized by enduring patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience. Option C is incorrect because Axis III of the DSM notes general medical conditions that may be relevant to the understanding or management of a patient's mental disorder. This includes medical conditions like brain tumors, epilepsy, and other health issues that can impact a person's mental health. It is important for students and healthcare professionals to understand the purpose and significance of the DSM in accurately diagnosing and treating psychobiologic disorders. While advancements in technology like neuroimaging can provide valuable information, the DSM continues to be a foundational resource in mental health assessment and care.
Question 2 of 5
The process of forming impressions about people involves perception of that person. Just like top-down processing can influence sensory perception, it can also influence social perception (forming an impression of someone else) because people often 'see' what they expect to see, and in the process, may create a
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Self-fulfilling prophecy. The concept of self-fulfilling prophecy in social psychology refers to a belief or expectation that influences a person's behavior in a way that tends to bring about the expected outcome. In the context of forming impressions about people, if an individual holds a certain expectation or belief about someone, they may behave in a manner that elicits responses from the other person confirming those beliefs. Option A) Rebound effect does not align with the concept of forming impressions based on expectations or beliefs. The rebound effect typically refers to the tendency of a thought or feeling to return with greater intensity after being suppressed. Option C) Role refers to the behavior expected of an individual in a particular social position or status and is not directly related to the process of forming impressions based on expectations or beliefs. Option D) Disposition refers to a person's inherent qualities of mind and character, which may influence how they are perceived, but it does not directly address the influence of expectations or beliefs on social perception. Educationally, understanding the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy is crucial in recognizing how our beliefs and expectations can impact our interactions with others. By being aware of this phenomenon, individuals can strive to approach social situations with an open mind and avoid making judgments based solely on preconceived notions. This knowledge can lead to more effective communication, improved relationships, and reduced instances of bias or stereotyping.
Question 3 of 5
Stereotypes tend to be resistant to change because
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of psychobiologic disorders, understanding why stereotypes are resistant to change is crucial for providing holistic patient care. The correct answer, "D) All of the above," is correct because stereotypes are deeply ingrained beliefs that shape our perceptions and behaviors. Option A, "we are less likely to attend to information that is inconsistent with our stereotypes," is incorrect because individuals often actively avoid or dismiss information that challenges their existing beliefs to maintain cognitive consistency. Option B, "we may create sub-types to explain away exceptions," is incorrect because when faced with exceptions to our stereotypes, we may indeed create sub-categories to maintain the overall stereotype rather than adapting our beliefs. Option C, "we may deny the truth or validity of observed exceptions," is incorrect because individuals may rationalize or downplay observed exceptions rather than outright denying their truth or validity. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing and challenging stereotypes in healthcare practice. Nurses and healthcare providers must strive to overcome stereotypes to deliver individualized, culturally competent care to patients with psychobiologic disorders. By understanding the cognitive processes that maintain stereotypes, healthcare professionals can work towards creating inclusive and effective care environments.
Question 4 of 5
A kindergartener is disruptive in class. This child is unable to sit for expected lengths of time, inattentive to the teacher, screams while the teacher is talking, and is aggressive toward other children. The nurse plans interventions designed to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Because of their disruptive behaviors, children with ADHD often receive negative feedback from parents, teachers, and peers, leading to self-esteem disturbance. These behaviors also cause peers to avoid the child with ADHD, leaving the child with ADHD vulnerable to loneliness. The child does not need inpatient treatment at this time. The incorrect options might or might not be relevant.
Question 5 of 5
The parent of a 6-year-old says, My child is in constant motion and talks all the time. My child isnt interested in toys but is out of bed every morning before me. The childs behavior is most consistent with diagnostic criteria for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In the scenario described, the child's behavior of constant motion, excessive talking, early waking, and lack of interest in toys aligns with the hallmark symptoms of ADHD. Children with ADHD often demonstrate hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention, which can impact their daily functioning. Option A) communication disorder does not fit the behavioral profile described in the question. Communication disorders involve difficulties with speech, language, or social communication, which are not the primary concerns raised by the parent. Option B) stereotypic movement disorder involves repetitive, purposeless movements and is not reflective of the child's hyperactive and talkative behavior. Option C) intellectual development disorder is characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors, which are not evident in the child's description. Educationally, understanding the distinguishing features of psychobiologic disorders like ADHD is crucial for healthcare providers to accurately assess, diagnose, and intervene to support children's development and well-being. Recognizing the specific symptoms of ADHD can lead to early identification and appropriate management strategies to help children thrive academically, socially, and emotionally.