ATI RN
Pediatric Clinical Nurse Specialist Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The cut-off number of transfused blood units to start an iron chelating agent in chronic hemolytic anemia patients is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients with chronic hemolytic anemia receiving more than 8-10 transfusions require iron chelation to prevent iron overload complications.
Question 2 of 5
In metabolic disorders, which of the following is most likely associated with cerebral edema if improperly treated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid correction of hypernatremia can lead to cerebral edema due to osmotic shifts in brain cells.
Question 3 of 5
A 5-year-old boy with a history of bronchial asthma was rushed to the emergency department with increasing shortness of breath, pyrexia, and a productive cough. He has difficulty communicating due to an inability to complete a sentence. Examination reveals crackles and wheezes in the lower lobes, tachycardia, and a bounding pulse. Arterial blood gas: pH 7.3, PaCO2 68 mmHg, HCO3 28 mmol/L, PaO2 60mmHg. How would you interpret this?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient has a low pH (acidosis), elevated PaCO2 (respiratory cause), and an increased HCO3, indicating partial compensation. This suggests respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention from severe asthma exacerbation.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding hypernatremic dehydration:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypernatremic dehydration occurs when water loss exceeds sodium loss, leading to increased serum osmolality (>295 mOsm/L) and sodium levels (>145 mEq/L). This can result from inadequate fluid intake, excessive sweating, or osmotic diuresis.
Question 5 of 5
Regarding Non-Hodgkin lymphoma:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Abdominal mass is the most common presentation of pediatric Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as it often arises from extranodal sites like the GI tract. Systemic symptoms are less frequent than in Hodgkin lymphoma.