The CT scan report of your patient who complained from hemiparesis is as follow: unilateral clefts within the cerebral hemispherthat extend from the cortical surface to the ventricular cavity. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of this description is

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Pediatric Neurological NCLEX Questions Questions

Question 1 of 5

The CT scan report of your patient who complained from hemiparesis is as follow: unilateral clefts within the cerebral hemispherthat extend from the cortical surface to the ventricular cavity. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of this description is

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Schizencephaly matchunilateral clefts from cortex to ventricle on CT, per neurology, causing hemiparesis from migration defects. Lissencephaly lacks gyri; pachygyria thick gyri; polymicrogyria excessive folds. Cleft specificity makes A the correct answer.

Question 2 of 5

An anxious mother consults you about her healthy looking son who is complaining from rapid, purposeless, involuntary, stereotyped movements that typically involvthe face. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tics are rapid, stereotyped, involuntary facial movements, per DSM-5, common in healthy kids (e.g., Tourette). Myoclonus is jerky; tremor rhythmic; dystonia sustained; athetosis writhing. Tics prevalence makes C the correct answer.

Question 3 of 5

Which of the following syndromof post traumatic intracranial hemorrhage cause neck stiffness?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Subarachnoid hemorrhage causneck stiffness, per neurology, from blood irritating meningpost-trauma. Subdural , epidural , intraparenchymal , and contusion lack meningeal involvement. SAHs meningism makes D the correct answer.

Question 4 of 5

A patient with a history of recurrent seizures, on examination you find a hypomelanotic macules, acne-like small red nodulover the nose and cheeks, and elevated, rough plaquof skin over the lumbar area. Of the following, the MOST likely brain lesions in this case is

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Subependymal nodulare likely in tuberous sclerosis, per neurology, with seizures, ash-leaf spots, angiofibromas (facial nodules), and shagreen patch(lumbar). Schwannomas NF2; meningiomas adults; gliomas nonspecific. Nodulspecificity makes D the correct answer.

Question 5 of 5

A child fell off his bike and sustained a closed-head injury. Although the child is currently awake and alert, his mother reports that he passed out for approximately 2 minutes. The mother is highly anxious and tearful, and the child was not wearing a helmet. Which is the priority question for the triage nurse to ask at this time?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Asking about vomiting, seizures, or unusual behavior post-wakeup is the triage priority, per pediatric concussion guidelin(e.g., CDC). Loss of consciousness (2 minutes) after a closed-head injury raisconcern for traumatic brain injury (TBI). These symptoms signal increased ICP or neurologic deterioration, guiding urgent imaging or observation. Other injuriare secondary; accident details less specific; helmet inquiry irrelevant to acuity. Cs focus on red flags, critical for TBI assessment, makes itthe correct answer, ensuring timely escalation of care.

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