ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The coronary ligament attaches the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the coronary ligament attaches the liver to the diaphragm. This ligament forms part of the peritoneal ligaments that secure the liver to the diaphragm, supporting its position in the abdominal cavity. The other choices are incorrect because: B) The liver is attached to the anterior abdominal wall by the falciform ligament, not the coronary ligament. C) The colon is attached to the posterior body wall by the mesocolon, not the coronary ligament. D) The lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal end of the duodenum are attached to the liver and diaphragm by the lesser omentum, not the coronary ligament.
Question 2 of 5
The painful or burning sensation in the chest usually associated with acid reflux in the esophagus is called
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: heartburn. This is because heartburn is the common term for the painful or burning sensation in the chest caused by acid reflux in the esophagus. A peptic ulcer (A) and a duodenal ulcer (D) are sores in the stomach or small intestine, not specific to the chest area. Angina (C) is chest pain related to heart issues, not specifically caused by acid reflux. Therefore, B is the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
Hepatocytes or hepatic cells produce bile, which is secreted into the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: bile canaliculi. Hepatocytes produce bile, which is then secreted into bile canaliculi within the liver. From there, bile flows into bile ducts and eventually reaches the gallbladder or small intestine. The other options are incorrect because bile is not secreted directly into the hepatic portal vein (A), hepatic sinusoid (C), or lacteal (D). The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver, the hepatic sinusoid is a type of blood vessel within the liver, and lacteals are lymphatic vessels in the small intestine.
Question 4 of 5
Stimulation by the parasympathetic nervous system will cause the ______ anal sphincter to ______.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for promoting rest and digest functions. The internal anal sphincter is controlled by the autonomic nervous system, specifically the parasympathetic division. When stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system, the internal anal sphincter will relax, allowing for defecation to occur. A: The external anal sphincter is under voluntary control, not affected by the parasympathetic nervous system. B: The external anal sphincter contracts voluntarily, not influenced by the parasympathetic nervous system. C: The internal anal sphincter contracts under sympathetic stimulation, not parasympathetic.
Question 5 of 5
The function of the gastrointestinal tract can be classified in several ways. Which of the following functions is most important for survival immediately after a meal?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Absorption and retention of water and electrolytes. Immediately after a meal, the body needs to absorb water and electrolytes to maintain proper hydration and electrolyte balance, crucial for survival. This process helps in nutrient absorption and maintaining overall body function. Reasons for why the other choices are incorrect: B: Elimination of toxins - While important for overall health, elimination of toxins is not the most critical function immediately after a meal for survival. C: Maintenance of barrier function - While important for protecting against harmful substances, it is not the most vital function immediately after a meal for survival. D: Extraction of maximum value from nutrients - While important for optimal nutrition, it is not as crucial as absorption and retention of water and electrolytes for immediate survival post-meal.