ATI RN
Respiratory System NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The concentration of nitrogen in the earth's atmosphere is approximately
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 78 percent. The rationale is based on the fact that nitrogen makes up approximately 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. This is a well-known scientific fact supported by various studies and measurements. Option B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the established data on the composition of the Earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere, followed by oxygen, which is around 21%. Therefore, option A is the correct choice based on scientific evidence and consensus.
Question 2 of 5
Oxygenated blood from lungs is carried to heart by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pulmonary vein. Oxygenated blood from the lungs is carried to the heart by the pulmonary vein. After receiving oxygen in the lungs, blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins to be pumped to the rest of the body. The pulmonary artery (A) carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. The coronary vein (C) drains deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle. Pre-cavals (D) is not a term used in the context of blood circulation.
Question 3 of 5
In human beings, partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the inspired and expired air is respectively
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (0.3 and 32 mm Hg) because in inspired air, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is low at around 0.3 mm Hg, whereas in expired air, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is higher at around 32 mm Hg due to gas exchange in the lungs. Choice A (0.3 and 40 mm Hg) is incorrect because the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in inspired air is not typically as high as 40 mm Hg. Choice C (40 and 46 mm Hg) is incorrect because the values are reversed; the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is higher in expired air compared to inspired air. Choice D (40 and 0.3 mm Hg) is incorrect as the values are reversed, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in inspired air is not typically as high as 40 mm Hg.
Question 4 of 5
Mammalian lungs have numerous alveoli for
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because alveoli increase the surface area for gaseous diffusion, facilitating efficient exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. Alveoli are tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs. Option A is incorrect as alveoli do not affect the volume of inspired air. Option B is incorrect as alveoli do not play a role in maintaining lung shape. Option C is incorrect as alveoli do not increase muscles in the lungs for elasticity. Therefore, the primary function of alveoli is to increase surface area for gaseous diffusion, making option D the correct choice.
Question 5 of 5
A client is receiving oxygen at 4 L per nasal cannula. What comfort measure may the nurse delegate to assistive personnel (AP)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because applying water-soluble ointment to nares and lips helps prevent skin breakdown and discomfort caused by the oxygen flow. This task is within the scope of practice for assistive personnel (AP) as it does not require specialized medical knowledge or training. Choice B is incorrect because adjusting oxygen flow should only be done by licensed healthcare providers based on the client's prescribed oxygen therapy. Choice C is incorrect as replacing oxygen tubing requires knowledge of oxygen delivery systems and potential risks associated with incorrect tubing selection. Choice D is incorrect because turning the client every 2 hours is a nursing intervention related to preventing pressure ulcers, not specifically related to oxygen therapy comfort measures.