The community health nurse is working with a group of teenagers as part of an after-school health promotion program. When working with this age group, which of the following risk factors should the nurse be aware of?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because teenagers are indeed at higher risk for developing mental illnesses due to various factors such as hormonal changes, academic pressures, social media influence, and peer relationships. This age group commonly experiences stress and emotional challenges, making them vulnerable to mental health issues. Option A is incorrect as teenagers are typically covered under their parents' insurance. Option B is incomplete. Option C is incorrect as teenagers are not immune to depression.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Breast development. Breast development is typically the initial indication of puberty in girls, known as thelarche. It is usually the first visible sign of puberty and is triggered by hormonal changes. Menarche (A) refers to the onset of menstruation, which typically occurs later in puberty. Growth spurt (B) typically occurs after breast development. Growth of pubic hair (C) is also a sign of puberty, but it usually follows breast development.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In adolescence, Erikson believed that the primary psychosocial task is developing a sense of identity. This involves exploring one's values, beliefs, and goals to establish a coherent self-concept. This process is crucial for forming a stable sense of self and navigating the challenges of adolescence. Intimacy (choice A) is typically associated with young adulthood, as it involves forming close, trusting relationships. Initiative (choice C) is a task in early childhood related to exploring and taking on new challenges. Independence (choice D) is important but not the central task in adolescence according to Erikson's theory.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: They provide adolescents with a feeling of belonging. During adolescence, peer relationships play a crucial role in providing emotional support, a sense of identity, and social connection. This feeling of belonging helps teenagers develop self-esteem and confidence. Option A is incorrect because not all adolescents dislike their parents. Option B is incorrect as parental guidance and control are still important during adolescence. Option D is incorrect as peer relationships typically help adolescents explore their identity within a social context rather than promoting individuality.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rapid physical growth. During adolescence, there is a significant growth spurt that requires the body to devote more energy to physical development. This increased growth and development can lead to feelings of fatigue and an increased need for sleep to support the body's growth and repair processes. Choice A (An inadequate diet) is incorrect because while diet can impact energy levels, rapid physical growth is the primary factor contributing to the increased need for sleep in adolescents. Choice C (Decreased activity that contributes to a feeling of fatigue) is incorrect as physical inactivity would not directly lead to an increased need for sleep; rather, it could lead to feelings of lethargy. Choice D (The lack of ambition typical of this age group) is incorrect as ambition levels do not directly correlate with the need for sleep during adolescence. Rapid physical growth is the key factor influencing the increased need for sleep in this age group.