The community health nurse is working with a group of sexual assault survivors. During a group discussion, the nurse offers each client 10 minutes to share their feelings with the group. This action by the nurse is consistent with which of the CDC's principles of trauma-informed care?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Empowerment and choice. By offering each client 10 minutes to share their feelings, the nurse is providing them with a sense of empowerment and choice in deciding how they want to express themselves. This aligns with the principle of empowering survivors to have control over their own experiences and decisions. A: Cultural, historical, and gender issues - While important in trauma-informed care, this choice does not directly relate to the nurse's action of offering time for sharing feelings. C: Collaboration and mutuality - This involves working together with clients, which is valuable, but does not directly address the individual choice given to each client in this scenario. D: Trustworthiness and transparency - Important principles for building trust, but not directly related to the nurse's action of empowering survivors through choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the adult not wanting to leave the client alone with healthcare staff can indicate control or coercion, common in human trafficking. This behavior may signal a red flag for potential trafficking. A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly indicate possible human trafficking. A driver's license and home address are not specific indicators, and feeling tired or hungry is a common occurrence in healthcare settings and does not necessarily point to trafficking.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 14 years. The mean age of menarche in the United States is around 12.5-13.5 years old, with 14 years being a common age for the onset of menstruation in girls. This is supported by research and averages of puberty onset. Choices A, B, and C are significantly higher ages and do not align with the typical age range for menarche. Therefore, D is the most accurate answer based on statistical data and medical knowledge.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Formal operations. During adolescence, individuals develop the ability for abstract thinking, hypothesis testing, and deductive reasoning, which are all characteristics of the formal operational stage of cognitive development according to Piaget's theory. This stage typically occurs around ages 11 to adulthood. The other choices are incorrect because Concrete operations (B) refer to the stage of cognitive development that occurs around ages 7 to 11, where children gain the ability to think logically about concrete events but struggle with abstract concepts. Conventional thought (C) and Postconventional thought (D) are stages in Kohlberg's theory of moral development, not cognitive development according to Piaget.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the nurse should encourage the adolescent to share his feelings and experiences. This approach promotes open communication, trust, and emotional support, which are crucial for the adolescent's well-being. It allows the nurse to provide appropriate guidance and resources without making assumptions about the adolescent's sexual orientation. Choices A and B are incorrect as sexual orientation is not determined solely by feelings in adolescence. Referring the adolescent for psychotherapy (Choice C) may not be necessary unless there are underlying issues affecting his mental health.